There is currently lively debate as regards the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Generally, there is consensus that bipolar I disorder, characterised by mania, is distinct as compared to unipolar major depression. This is demonstrated to some extent across the phenomenology, population characteristics, genetics and neurobiology of the two phenotypes. However, the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder ...

Bipolar disorder is characterized by exacerbations of opposite mood polarity, ranging from manic to major depressive episodes. In the current nosological system of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual - 5(th) edition (DSM-5), it is conceptualized as a spectrum disorder consisting of bipolar disorder type I, bipolar disorder type II, cyclothymic disorder, and bipolar disorder not otherwise spec...

Sir: Bipolar II disorder is a valid and reliable diagnosis and its prevalence in society is higher than was once assumed. Considering the fact that the main clinical presentation of bipolar II disorder is composed of depressive symptoms and the fact that the retrospective diagnosis of episodes of hypomania is often difficult, there has been an increased concern about the underdiagnosis of bipol...

Sir: Bipolar II disorder is a valid and reliable diagnosis and its prevalence in society is higher than was once assumed. Considering the fact that the main clinical presentation of bipolar II disorder is composed of depressive symptoms and the fact that the retrospective diagnosis of episodes of hypomania is often difficult, there has been an increased concern about the underdiagnosis of bipol...

Sir: Bipolar II disorder is a valid and reliable diagnosis and its prevalence in society is higher than was once assumed. Considering the fact that the main clinical presentation of bipolar II disorder is composed of depressive symptoms and the fact that the retrospective diagnosis of episodes of hypomania is often difficult, there has been an increased concern about the underdiagnosis of bipol...

objective: with regard to the abundance of mood disorders among the artists and, life and death of hedayat, number and time of creation of his works, this hypothesis that hedayat suffered from a bipolar mood disorder (type ii, or bipolar spectrum) is studied in the descriptive psychiatry framework. methods: his biographies, medical records, letters exchanged between him and his friends and rela...

Evidence-based Psychiatric Care 2015;1;19-26 Abstract The risk of suicidal behaviour in mood disorders is an inherent phenomenon and in patients with major mood disorders it strongly relates to the presence and severity of depressive episode. Suicidal behaviour in patients with mood disorders is state and severity dependent that means that suicidality markedly decreases or vanishes after clinic...

OBJECTIVE We compared temperament and character traits in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BP) and healthy control (HC) subjects. METHOD Sixty nine subjects (38 BP and 31 HC), 8-17 years old, were assessed with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime. Temperament and character traits were measured with parent and child versions of the ...

Sir: Bipolar II disorder is a valid and reliable diagnosis and its prevalence in society is higher than was once assumed. Considering the fact that the main clinical presentation of bipolar II disorder is composed of depressive symptoms and the fact that the retrospective diagnosis of episodes of hypomania is often difficult, there has been an increased concern about the underdiagnosis of bipol...