Public health focuses on health of the population and it is concerned with threats to health based on population health analysis. Anthropology covers most aspects that concern human beings. Both sciences converge on community and this fact represents a foundation for the partnership between public health and anthropology. Biological/medical anthropology is one of the highly developed fi elds of...

Using an amplified single molecule detection platform based on padlock probe and proximity ligation, detection of very low amounts of nucleic acid or protein molecules is achieved. Protein and nucleic acid analyses are performed in a similar fashion using circularizing DNA probes, rolling circle amplification and fluorescence-based counting of single reporter molecules. This allows a single sys...

Institut Pasteur, Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses Unit, CNRS URA 3015 (N Berthet PhD, Prof A Gessain PhD), and Institut Pasteur, Laboratory for Urgent Responses to Biological Threats (A-M Burguière Pharm, J-C Manuguerra PhD), Paris, France; Institut Pasteur in Bangui, Department of Virology, Bangui, Central African Republic (E Nakouné PhD, B Selekon BSc, M Kazanji PhD); an...

On January 22, 1999, President Clinton delivered the following address at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, DC. The President announced initiatives to strengthen America’s defenses against the threats posed by biological and chemical weapons, and attacks to the nation’s infrastructure, computer systems, and networks. His address is preceded by introductory remarks from Joshua Lede...

Emerging infections are those with a rising incidence over recent decades and those that threaten to increase, encompassing both newly emerging and re-emerging infections. The emergence of a new infectious agent in the population, the new recognition of a previously undetected circulating agent, or the realization that a noncommunicable disease is actually caused by infection contribute to this...

Four new applications of oligo-phenylene ethynylene (OPE) and poly-PE (PPE) compounds for detection and destruction of biological and chemical threats have been investigated. Mixed surfaces composed of PPEs and a thermoswitchable polymer were created, and were shown to be able to capture, kill, and reversibly release pathogenic bacteria. In order to develop fluorescent sensors for CW agents, th...

Research indicates that there is a specially adapted, hard-wired brain circuit, the security motivation system, which evolved to manage potential threats, such as the possibility of contamination or predation. The existence of this system may have important implications for policy-making related to security. The system is sensitive to partial, uncertain cues of potential danger, detection of wh...

For the first time the Deparment of Health and Human Services is part of the national security apparatus of the United States. That reflects a change in our views on chemical and biological defense programs. Almost 5 years ago at the bidding of the president we began to look at what has come to be known as “asymmetrical threats,” ways in which opponents (be they nations or terrorist groups) cou...

our food security, forests, water, land rights, farmers and indigenous peoples from the aggressive march of agrofuel developments, which are devouring our land and resources at an unbelievable scale and speed. " The petition describes the negative impact of agrofuel programs in several African states. In Tanzania, thousands of farmers have been evicted from their land to make way for large scal...