Two experiments were performed, each using six male and six female C57BL/6J mice collectively ranging from 4 wk to 17 mo of age. Blood was obtained following CO2 anesthesia, and the IL-10 concentration of each serum sample was determined both by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by bioassay. In the first experiment, mean serum IL-10 immunoactivity was 9.3 pg/ml while the me...

Bioassay cages are commonly used to assess efficacy of insecticides against adult mosquitoes in the field. To correlate adult mortality readings to insecticidal efficacy and/or spray application parameters properly, it is important to know how the cage used in the bioassay interacts with the spray cloud containing the applied insecticide. This study compared the size of droplets, wind speed, an...

These studies have evaluated a newly developed radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the measurement of colony-stimulating factor (CSF) in murine serum and other biologic fluids. The routine in vitro agar gel bioassay for CSF is influenced by high molecular weight serum lipoproteins and low molecular weight tissue-derived materials that are inhibitory to colony formation. Studies with normal serum reveale...

Metal toxicity is a function of the biology of the target organism and the chemical speciation of the metal. The toxicity of 11 metals was assessed with three cell-based bioassays based on marine organisms: the bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum of the Microtox bioassay, an environmental strain of P. phosphoreum, and photocytes isolated from the brittlestar Ophiopsila californica. Metal speci...

An in vitro bioassay for mammalian thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) based on TSH-induced cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) production in FRTL-5 cells, a rat thyroid cell line, was used to measure chicken TSH. The addition of chicken pituitary homogenate equivalent to > or = 25% of a chicken pituitary gland to cultured FRTL-5 cells increased cAMP within these cells in a dose-dependent...

A new selective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection for the determination of the investigational triazole voriconazole in human plasma by using acetonitrile precipitation followed by reverse-phase HPLC on a C(18) column was compared with a simple agar well diffusion bioassay method with Candida kefyr ATCC 46764 as the assay organism. Pooled plasma was used to ...

In this study, we evaluated the potential use of entomopathogenic nematodes as a control for the beetle Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). In particular, we conducted 1) four screening bioassays to determine nematode (seven species, 10 total strains tested) and application level effects on A. tumida larvae and pupae, 2) a generational persistence bioassay to determine whether sing...

The use of triclopyr for the removal of woody and broad-leaf vegetation in right-of-ways and agricultural settings has been proposed for Alaska. Triclopyr concentrations in soil after application are of concern because residual herbicide may affect growth of subsequent vegetation. In order to measure triclopyr residues in soil and determine the amount of herbicide taken up by the plant, soil bi...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) on the synthesis/release of nonprostanoid endothelium-derived vasoactive factors. In bioassay experiments (in the presence of 10`M indomethacin), infusion of PDBu (10-9-10-7 M) through a femoral artery (donor) segment with endothelium evoked further, concentration-dependent contracti...

We assessed exposure to dioxin-like compounds using chemical and bioassay analysis in different matrices in a female population. A total of 106 serum and 9 follicular fluid samples were collected from infertile women attending Centers for Reproductive Medicine in Belgium from 1996 to 1998. Major polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were quantified by chemical analysis using gas chromatograp...