L ife on Earth created, and is dependent on, nonequilibrium cycles of electron transfers involving primarily five elements: hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (1). Although biophysical and biochemical reactions catalyze specific electron transfers at a local, molecular level, the metabolic consequences are global. Through opportunity and selection, metabolic pathways evolved to form...

Scale-up of boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode system is significant to the practical application of electrochemical oxidation in bio-refractory wastewater treatment. In this study, the performance of a smaller BDD anode (24 cm(2)) system in continuous mode electrochemical oxidation of phenol simulated wastewater was first investigated and well described by the response surface methodology (RSM). ...

A facile synthetic route was developed to make Au nanowires (NWs) from surfactant-mediated bio-mineralization of a genetically engineered M13 phage with specific Au binding peptides. From the selective interaction between Au binding M13 phage and Au ions in aqueous solution, Au NWs with uniform diameter were synthesized at room temperature with yields greater than 98 % without the need for size...

In this study we address the problem of the response of a (electro)chemical oscillator towards chemical perturbations of different magnitudes. The chemical perturbation was achieved by addition of distinct amounts of trifluoromethanesulfonate (TFMSA), a rather stable and non-specifically adsorbing anion, and the system under investigation was the methanol electro-oxidation reaction under both s...

Based on recent scientific-technical developments referring to the transformation and biodegradation mechanisms of plastic compounds, progress has been made both in conceptualization relevant definitions development technical standards that allow determining, a more precise reproducible way, ratio biodegradability determined material. From these advances, they have developed, furthermore, so-ca...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Previously described methods to separate dissolved U(IV) from dissolved U(VI) under acidic anoxic conditions prior to laboratory analysis were ineffective with materials currently available commercially. Three strong anion exchange resins were examined for their efficiency in separating, recovering, and preserving both redox states during separation. RESULTS Under oxi...

This study investigated the impact of mechanically modified pyrite on dearsenification arsenopyrite through bacterial oxidation. Pyrite was using a planetary high-energy ball mill, and resulting changes in crystal structure were characterized particle size analysis, specific surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD). Pearson corre...

Pyrite and arsenopyrite are known to be the most common gold-bearing sulfide minerals in refractory gold ores. Traditionally, these have been first oxidized by roasting, acidic pressure oxidation or bio-oxidation release gold, after which is dissolved subsequent cyanide leaching step. The chloride (chloride-bromide) solution presents an alternative cyanide-free media, able not only leach minera...