It was found in previous observational studies that the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) can modulate teleconnection over Atlantic basin related to Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). In t...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adventitious sprouting from the hypocotyle and roots in monocarpic herbs has been confirmed in previous experimental studies as a means to avoid bud limitation after severe injury in annual and biennial plants. Data regarding the role of adventitious sprouting in natural populations, however, were lacking. The aim of the present study was to assess whether adventitious sprou...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and resource impact of faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and flexible sigmoidoscopy (FSIG) screening options for colorectal cancer to inform the Department of Health's policy on bowel cancer screening in England. METHODS We developed a state transition model to simulate the life experience of a cohort of individuals without polyps ...

OBJECTIVE Using a simulation model for evaluating the usefulness of an organized breast cancer screening program in Bogotá, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Markov model was used for designing a cost-effectiveness analysis; this was compared to a biennial breast cancer screening for women aged 50 to 69 years old. The disease's natural history, breast screening studies and publications conce...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the extent of participation in cervical cancer screening among women who live in discrete rural and remote Indigenous communities in Queensland. DESIGN Descriptive analysis of data from the Queensland Health Pap Smear Registry for the period March 1999 to February 2001. SUBJECTS Women aged 20-69 years who had given their address of usual residence as one of 13 discr...

Integrations of a fully-coupled climate model with and without flux adjustments in the equatorial oceans are performed under 2 × CO2 conditions to explore in more detail the impact of increased greenhouse gas forcing on the monsoon-ENSO system. When flux adjustments are used to correct some systematic model biases, ENSO behaviour in the modelled future climate features distinct irregular and pe...

Within plant populations, space-restricted gene movement, together with environmental heterogeneity, can result in a spatial variation in gene frequencies. In biennial plants, inter-annual flowering migrants can homogenize gene frequencies between consecutive cohorts. However, the actual impact of these migrants on spatial genetic variation remains unexplored. Here, we used 10 nuclear microsate...

Irregular flowering over years is commonly observed in fruit trees. The early prediction of tree behavior is highly desirable in breeding programmes. This study aims at performing such predictions, combining simplified phenotyping and statistics methods. Sequences of vegetative vs. floral annual shoots (AS) were observed along axes in trees belonging to five apple related full-sib families. Seq...