This paper has examined the phenomenon of convergence of per capita out put levels across the IC countries for the 1960-1998 periods. Three concepts of convergence, i.e., sigma beta and relative beta, have been used. The estimated beta values reveals only a very weak convergence (?=.0014) across IC for 1960-1998 period. But when a more homogeneous group of countries were selected, the results s...

The problem of construction the fundamental solutions for a piecewise-homogeneous transversely isotropic space is reduced to matrix Riemann in slowly increasing distributions. We propose method solution this problem. As result, explicit form, we obtain expressions components vector and simple representations stress tensor displacements plane joint elastic half spaces subjected action concentrat...

A microscopic kinetic model for the alpha <==> beta [e.g., hex <==> 1x1 for Pt(100) and 1x2 <==> 1x1 for Pt(110)] surface reconstruction is investigated by means of the mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulations. It considers homogeneous phase nucleation that induces small surface phase defects. These defects can grow or decline via phase border propagation in dependence on the chemic...