human papilloma virus (hpv) vaccine recently has been added to the iran drug list, decision makers need information beyond that available from rcts to recommend funding for this vaccination program to add it to the national immunization program in iran. modeling and economic studies have addressed some of those information needs in foreign countries. in order to determine the long term benefit ...

Order is the key word of science. Scientists have tried to order and explain all the phenomena of the universe. They found that the planets and stars move along predictable paths, discovered the laws of gravitation and devised formulae to describe inheritance. For them, the universe is like a clock. Their mission is to discover and explain the mechanism of this clock and thus explain the laws t...

It has been shown that natural selection favors cooperation in a homogenous graph if the benefit-to-cost ratio exceeds the degree of the graph. However, most graphs related to interactions in real populations are heterogeneous, in which some individuals have many more neighbors than others. In this paper, we introduce a new state variable to measure the time evolution of cooperation in a hetero...

although mental health program has been adopted as one of the components of the primary health care program in iran since 1989 its cost effectiveness has not yet been evaluated in any form. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of mental health program regarding the treatment of epileptic patients in the kurdestan province.in order to achieve the above goal in ...

Introduction: Hospitals are one of the main water consumers in urbane area. Due to lack of enough information, the challenges and some of the solutions were investigated for optimization of water management. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study in a Shiraz educational hospital. Data were collected by questionnaires with 146 items. The items was classified in several st...

this paper estimates the trend of total energy subsidies from year 2003 (that is 16.68% of gdp) and running a model, predicts that energy subsidies will reach to 20% of gdp by 2019 if subsidies continue. also environmental damage costs of energy consumption have been entered the model (environmental cost-benefit analysis model: ecba model) in addition to the vast amounts of subsidies. so damage...

in this paper, the optimal location and characteristics of tadas dampers in moment resisting steel structures, considering the application of minimum number of tadas dampers in a building as an objective function and the restriction for destruction of main members is studied. genetic algorithm in first generation randomly produces different chromosomes representing unique tadas dampers distribu...

The evaluation of the viability agriculture through analysis R/C ratio is consideredinappropriate in application new technology. tool that considered adequate theincremental benefit-cost (IBCR). objective research was to determine effect theapplication semi-organic agricultural technology on production and todetermine achieve researchobjectives, carried out 40 rice farming units Pringgasela dis...