toxic shock syndrome in children following infection with influenza is a very rare syndrome. if it is not diagnosed quickly, it may cause significant morbidity and mortality. for diagnosis of toxic shock syndrome, clinical and laboratory criteria are used. our patient is a 3.5-year old boy who admitted to the hospital with high fever, weakness, toxicity, hypotension and skin rash due to influen...

MELAS syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder with progressive nature, because adequate treatment is not available. Diagnosis of this mitochondrial disorder depends initially on clinical suspicion, which is strengthened by additional metabolic evidence of impaired oxidative metabolism such as high serum or C.S.F. lactate levels and confirmed by demonstration of mitochondrial abnormalities-in ...

Proteus syndrome is a rare congenital disorder comprised of subcutaneous and internal hamartomas, miscellaneous skin and vascular nevi, skeletal and nervous system and eye malformations, with characteristic manifestations including hemihypertrophy, local gigantism, macrodactyly and cerebriform thickness of soles and palms. A 23 year-old man with diagnosis of proteus syndrome had sever ane...