introduction: because of prevalence of permanent tooth extraction and it’s related complication and due to bether alternative ways of tooth repair, this stady is done in health centers of karaj province to evaluate the etiologies and related risk factors. methods: survey was done by cross-sectional method on 240 patients. after extraction of data/factors like etiology of tooth remoral/ age/ sex...

It is now nearly three years since our last newsletter. During that time we have continued to collect more samples from volunteers and enlarged our collection of photos for the face genetics project to nearly 2000. Most importantly, a subset of 2039 of our samples has been extensively analysed, and, after several revisions and adjustments, the results have appeared on 19 March as a major paper ...