the iranians’ understanding of the political concepts posed in mashruteh (constitutional) period is a challenging issue which can help us better study iran’s constitutional revolution and the grounds for its failure. right and law are two modern political concepts which entered into this period as part of people’s claims. the iranians’ image of the said concepts is the basic issue discussed in ...

In most algorithms involving elliptic and hyperelliptic curves, the costliest part consists in computing multiples of ideal classes. This paper investigates how to compute faster doubling over fields of characteristic two. We derive explicit doubling formulae making strong use of the defining equation of the curve. We analyze how many field operations are needed depending on the curve making cl...

This paper presents a new shape for ordinary elliptic curves over fields of characteristic 2. Using the new shape, this paper presents the first complete addition formulas for binary elliptic curves, i.e., addition formulas that work for all pairs of input points, with no exceptional cases. If n ≥ 3 then the complete curves cover all isomorphism classes of ordinary elliptic curves over F2n . Th...

The present experiments tested the claim that phonological recoding occurs "automatically" by assessing whether it uses central attention in the context of the psychological refractory period paradigm. Task 1 was a tone discrimination task and Task 2 was reading aloud. The joint effects of long-lag word repetition priming and stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) were underadditive in Experiment 1, s...

In this paper we study the local behavior of a solution to the Lamé system when the Lamé coefficients λ and μ satisfy that μ is Lipschitz and λ is essentially bounded in dimension n ≥ 2. One of the main results is the local doubling inequality for the solution of the Lamé system. This is a quantitative estimate of the strong unique continuation property. Our proof relies on Carleman estimates w...

For nonlinear control systems with uncontrollable linearization around an equilibrium, the local asymptotic stability of the linear controllable directions can be easily achieved by linear feedback. Therefore we expect that the stabilizability of the whole system should depend on a reduced order model whose stabilizability depends on the linearly uncontrollable directions. The controlled center...

We report on numerical results for certain families of S-unimodal maps with flat critical point. For four one-parameter families, differing in their amount of flatness, we study the Feigenbaum-limits α and δ. There seems to be a finite δ and a finite α associated with each period doubling cascade in each family. Some rough numerical estimates are obtained. One would expect that these numbers sh...

Possessors may occupy a DF position within DP, either in SPEC DP, or adjoined to NP, in line with Bresnan’s (2011) Endocentric Mapping Principles. Their default discourse function is that of ANCHOR. This accounts for phenomena such as possessor doubling, and alternative positions for possessors with different semantic and pragmatic constraints.

In this paper we prove that all the hyperbolic components of the family λ tan z except the punctured unit disk are simply connected. Then, restricting λ to the imaginary axis, We show that there is a “Sharkovskii-like” ordering of the periods of the hyperbolic components. Finally, again for λ in the imaginary axis, we show that period doubling phenomena occur.

Four experiments used the psychological refractory period logic to examine whether integration of multiple sources of phonemic information has a decisional locus. All experiments made use of a dual-task paradigm in which participants made forced-choice color categorization (Task 1) and phoneme categorization (Task 2) decisions at varying stimulus onset asynchronies. In Experiment 1, Task 2 diff...