The notion of a probabilistic metric  space  corresponds to thesituations when we do not know exactly the  distance.  Probabilistic Metric space was  introduced by Karl Menger. Alsina, Schweizer and Sklar gave a general definition of  probabilistic normed space based on the definition of Menger [1]. In this note we study the PN spaces which are  topological vector spaces and the open mapping an...

Index words: Coupled Ice-Ocean Model Ice modeling Lake ice cover Ice thickness Ice speed Lake surface temperature Great Lakes Lake Erie To simulate ice and water circulation in Lake Erie over a yearly cycle, a Great Lakes Ice-circulation Model (GLIM) was developed by applying a Coupled Ice-Ocean Model (CIOM) with a 2-km resolution grid. The hourly surface wind stress and thermodynamic forcings ...

This paper extends model-based diagnosis (MBD) (Reiter 1987; de Kleer & Williams 1987) to systems which convert, move and process material. Examples of such systems are printers, refineries and food processing plants. Such plants present two challenges to model-based diagnosis: (1) the plant may process 100s-1000s of items per minute so retaining full details of behavior of all past objects is ...

In classical hitting set algorithms for ModelBased Diagnosis (MBD) that use on-demand conflict generation, a single conflict is computed whenever needed during tree construction. Since such a strategy leads to a full “restart” of the conflict-generation algorithm on each call, we propose a divide-and-conquer algorithm called MERGEXPLAIN which efficiently searches for multiple conflicts during a...