using apple clonal rootstocks is necessary for improving crop efficiency in apple orchards. after graftingof apple cultivars on malling rootstocks, the extra parts of the rootstock was used as stem cuttings. apical,middle and basal parts of these shoots were used as cuttings. two propagation conditions, greenhouse andnursery and three concentrations of indole-3- butyric acid (iba) on rooting, c...

A prerequisite for most plant transformation systems is an efficient and reliable method to regenerate phenotypically normal plants. The present studies were undertaken with a view to the effects of Benzyl amino purine (BAP) and Indol butyric acid (IBA) hormones and genotypes on in vitro germination of immature embryos in walnut (Juglans regia L.). The immature embryos of walnut were excised fr...

The Dendrobium variety orchid is a plant that has rare potential and growth. This requires large amounts of seeds can be propagated in vitro. study aims to determine the effect TDZ on direct induction somatic embryogenesis. was conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely media consisting basal Murashige Skoog (MS) growth regulator TDZ. Each treatment out total sev...

Pruacan is a rare medicinal plant endemic to the Dieng Plateau of Central Java, Indonesia which has properties as an aphrodisiac. Increasing genetic variability ofthis in order support breeding programs and increase productivity active ingredients this important. This study aimed evaluate effect chemical mutagen EMS on growth development vitro culture pruacan lethal dose determination. Embryoge...

It has been observed in this laboratory (15) that the normally polar distribution of callus growth on tobacco stem explants becomes non-po'ar in the presence of low levels of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), while the amount of callus growth is not diminished. It was thought that this phenomenon might reflect a specific inhibition by TIBA of the polar transport of auxin. Subsequent studies (10...

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) concentrations in tobacco callus tissues grown on the media containing cu-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and kinetin at different concentrations were assayed periodically during successive cultures. Tobacco callus originally raised from the TMV-infected tobacco stem became green and compact when serially cultured on the medium containing lower concentration (0.01-o. 1 m...

Wheat is notorious for callus induction, which is a major hindrance in direct gene transfer and consequently for genetic improvement programs. In order to provide a successful platform for gene transformation, good callus quantity and quality is important. We investigated the variation in callus induction capabilities of Pakistani wheat cultivars and measured the reducing sugar content in the i...

In the present study, an efficient protocol has been developed for callus induction and production of RA in callus culture of Satureja khuzistanica for the first time. In-vitro callus induction was achieved from young shoot tip explants cultured on MS and B5 media supplemented with different concentrations of IBA (0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mgL(-1)) solely or in combination with cytokinins BAP and K...

The medicinal plant Plumbago contains a very potent secondary metabolite, plumbagin having many therapeutic properties. Callus culture was induced using explants, leaf, stem and shoot apex, from P. auriculata. Murashige and Skoog media fortified with various growth hormones like NAA, IAA, IBA and 2, 4-D individually and in various combinations were checked for callus induction. Among the growth...