We present experiments on several distinct effective temperatures in a granular system at a sequence of increasing packing densities and at a sequence of decreasing driving rates. This includes single-grain measurements based on the mechanical energies of both the grains and an embedded oscillator, as well as a collective measurement based on the Einstein relation between diffusivity and mobili...

We address the dynamics of a single spin embedded in the tunneling barrier between two superconductors. As a consequence of pair correlations in the superconducting state, the spin displays a rich and unusual dynamics. To properly describe the time evolution of the spin we find the generalized Wess-Zumino-Witten-Novikov term in the effective action for the spin on the Keldysh contour. The super...

one of the quranic concepts concerning the hereafter is the lofty barrier (araf) and their men regarding which the words of revelation of 46-49 in araf surah in the holy quran have pointed this concept. there are different viewpoints among commentators concerning what and where the lofty barrier is, and also who the men of the lofty barrier are. regarding this, different viewpoints have been ta...

It is currently extremely challenging to bridge the gap between the hardware configuration of sensor-based systems and algorithm implementation. When an algorithm on live sensor data needs to be tried out, preferably in an embedded state, a first barrier to cross would be to get access to the sensor data in a programming environment that would offer sufficient resources for the algorithms. This...

A defining feature of eukaryotic cells is the nucleus, which houses the genome inside the nuclear envelope (NE): a double lipid bilayer that separates the nuclear and cytoplasmic materials. Although the NE is commonly viewed as a barrier that is overcome only by embedded nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) that facilitate nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking, recent work in a wide range of eukaryotes reve...

This paper presents a physical explanation of MOSFET intrinsic gate to drain capacitance (CGD) going negative due to Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) effect. For the sub-90nm MOS devices, DIBL effect may be dominant enough to guide CGD to negative if de-embedded from parallel extrinsic overlap, outer and inner fringing capacitances. The possibility of this phenomenon is evident from the re...

A quantum transport model incorporating spin scattering processes is presented using the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism within the self-consistent Born approximation. This model offers a unified approach by capturing the spin-flip scattering and the quantum effects simultaneously. A numerical implementation of the model is illustrated for magnetic tunnel junction devices with...

The local environment of a barium monofluoride (BaF) molecule embedded in an argon matrix is calculated. A substitution BaF for four Ar atoms found to be strongly favoured compared substitutions other numbers atoms. equilibrium positions the and its nearby neighbours are by minimizing total energy. potential barrier that prevents migration within solid rotation At cryogenic temperatures used ED...

Background The unavailability of safe, conspicuous devices remains the chief barrier to wider clinical adoption of interventional cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Active catheter receiver coils are conspicuous but their metallic transmission lines risk heating and their manufacture requires excessive device size. We have designed a clinical grade 5 Fr radio frequency (RF) resonator ma...

Resource interference is a fundamental barrier to realizing predictable wireless embedded systems. We address this problem by (i) partitioning application and communication tasks onto dedicated platforms, and (ii) designing a platform interconnect to facilitate asynchronous message exchange with predictable run-time behavior. We motivate the need for this platform interconnect, termed Bolt, and...