An optimal algorithm to do probe selection in causal chains is presented. Probes may have different costs of measurement. The algorithm runs in polynomial time. This research was supported in part by the Ballistic Missile Defense Advanced Technology Center under contract #DASG60-86-C-0015, the Office of Naval Research, under Agreement #N00014-85-K-0008 and the Defense Advanced Research Projects...

BACKGROUND Over the last five decades, a wide gap in mortality opened between western and eastern Europe; this gap increased further after the dramatic fluctuations in mortality in the former Soviet Union (FSU) in the 1990s. Recent rapid increases in mortality among lower socioeconomic groups in eastern Europe suggests that socioeconomic factors are powerful determinants of mortality in these p...

Problems associated with telemetry blackout caused by the plasma sheath surrounding a hypersonic vehicle are addressed. In particular, the critical nature of overcoming this limitation for test and evaluation purposes is detailed. Since the telemetry blackout causes great concern for atmospheric cruise vehicles, ballistic missiles, and reentry vehicles, there have been many proposed approaches ...

AIMS The Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) scale assesses 10 year risk of fatal atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), based on conventional risk factors. The high-risk SCORE version is recommended for Central and Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union (CEE/FSU), but its performance has never been systematically assessed in the region. We evaluated SCORE performance in two sets...

In view of a complex multi-factor interaction relationship and high uncertainty battlefield environment in the anti-missile troop deployment, this paper analyzes relationships between defending stronghold, weapon system, incoming target, ballistic missile. addition, double nested optimization architecture is designed by combining deep learning hierarchy concept hierarchical dimensionality reduc...

Ballistic missiles and Anti-Satellite (ASAT) weapons operate using similar technological means but not with the same level of technology or engineering maturity. ASATs require a more sophisticated systems engineering and integration requirements to be able to adapt to the challenges posed by an ASAT intercept. The main difficulty arises from the requirements for detection in space and the high ...

A new missile midcourse guidance algorithm is proposed in this paper. It is a combination of sampling based path planning, Dubins’ curves and classical guidance laws. Moreover, a realistic interceptor missile model is used. It allows to anticipate the future changes of flight conditions along the trajectory, especially the loss of maneuverability at high altitude. Simulation results are present...

Russia after the collapsing of Soviet Union ignored and left behind the Caspian Sea for a short time due to giving preference to relationship with West. Discovery of new sources of energy in the Caspian region and the significance of the geopolitical position of this region in Europe, Asia and the Middle East and the key role that plays in the power balances in the world, also West attention sp...

Ash species (Fraxinus spp.) in Europe are threatened by the Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis, EAB), an invasive wood boring beetle native to East Asia and currently spreading from European Russia westwards. Based on a high-resolution habitat distribution map (grid cell size: 25 × 25 m) and data on distribution and abundance of Common Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), the most widespread and highl...