In songbirds song production requires the intricate coordination of vocal and respiratory muscles under the executive influence of the telencephalon, as for speech in humans. In songbirds the site of this coordination is suspected to be the nucleus retroambigualis (RAm), because it contains premotor neurons projecting upon both vocal motoneurons and spinal motoneurons innervating expiratory mus...

A high-throughput computing policy attempts to efficiently utilize all of the resources in a cluster to generate faster overall execution. It is acceptable for jobs running on a workstation serving remote pages to execute more slowly, if other jobs benefit by achieving faster execution times through the use of network RAM, as long as throughput is maximized. Further work must be done to fully u...

Non-volatile memories (NVMs) offer superior density and energy characteristics compared to the conventional memories; however, NVMs suffer from severe reliability issues that can easily eclipse their energy efficiency advantages. In this paper, we survey architectural techniques for improving the soft-error reliability of NVMs, specifically PCM (phase change memory) and STT-RAM (spin transfer t...

A chip design, that uses individual technology specific macros or cells, is incompatible to alternative target technologies. This prevents most designs containing such macros or cells from being reused in a different technology, even if the logic part surrounding the macro can be easily retargeted. However, avoiding these technology specific macros in a reusable design is not always possible. E...

We take an important step forward in making Oblivious RAM (O-RAM) practical. We pro-pose an O-RAM construction achieving an amortized overhead of 20 ∼ 35X (for an O-RAMroughly 1 terabyte in size), about 63 times faster than the best existing scheme. On the theoreticfront, we propose a fundamentally novel technique for constructing Oblivious RAMs: specifi-cally, we partition a bi...

For 6 years adult, non-synchronized Hampshire ewes (n=2,5,8,8,9 and 12) and rams (n=6,10,12,11,11 and 9) were maintained separately and released to contiguous pastures having in common a woven-wire fence about 80m long and 1.1m high. Natural estrous cycles were monitored daily by observations of ram-seeking behavior as defined as a ewe being persistent in staying at the common fence with attent...