We successfully modified an existing method to investigate protein-protein interactions in the pathogenic bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium). This method includes (i) addition of a histidine-biotin-histidine tag to the bait proteins via recombinant DNA techniques, (ii) in vivo cross-linking with formaldehyde, (iii) tandem affinity purification of bait pro...

Information on toxic loading and piece-weight distribution are used to calculate an index of the number of baits which an animal must encounter and eat before the probability of death exceeds 99%. It is termed the 99% bait quality index (99BQI).The index shows that, on average, rabbits of median susceptibility to 1080 must find 4.2-5.4 unscreened carrot baits; possums of median susceptibility m...

On the southern coast of South Korea, dark-banded rockfish, sea bass, and red seabream are caught by single-line fishing. In particular, bass in Jeollanam-do region using gear with attached fishing hooks, such as long-line gear, live shrimp bait. The objective this study was to compare catch efficiency two types (naturally grown Shiba [Metapenaeus joyneri] cultured whiteleg [Litopenaeus vanname...

Laboratory feeding trials were conducted to assess the comparative impact of registered and new unregistered insecticide-treated bran baits on nontarget epigcal arthropods. Yellow mealworm beetles and larvae (Tcllebrio molitor, L.) (8 surrogate, surface-dwelling tenebrionid) were individually housed in containers and exposed to five different dosages (quantities) of bran bait treated with three...

— The small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) is the primary rabies vector in Puerto Rico. Mongooses are implicated in up to 74% of rabies cases on the island, and pose a threat to domestic animals and human health and safety. No rabies management program exists in Puerto Rico and development of an oral rabies vaccination program requires determining which flavors on the vaccine’s bait ...

The Argentine ant is well known for its affinity for honeydew and is often associated with hemipteran outbreaks in agricultural and urban environments. It has been suggested that Argentine ants may be controlled by restricting access to honeydew, thereby forcing the ants to move or by encouraging increased liquid toxicant intake. We tested this possible control strategy by restricting Argentine...

The effectiveness of a chlorfluazuron termite bait in eliminating colonies of the termite species Macrotermes gilvus (Hagen) was evaluated under field conditions. Three active termite mounds were chosen for this study, two acted as test mounds and the other as the control. Four In-Ground Stations (IGS) were installed around each mound. Interception occurred almost immediately in all the station...

The global transfer of live bait creates a potent vector (mechanism) for invasion of marine species, including associated biota (“hitchhikers”) not intended for shipment. Unlike other vectors of non-native species transfer in coastal marine systems (e.g., ship ballast water), vector management strategies to reduce transport of associated biota with live bait are lacking. In this study, we exper...

The relative effectiveness of five bait types (peanut butter, yuca, plantain, fresh beef, and dried, salted fish) and four trap types (Victor, Sherman, Tomahawk, and pitfall) for capturing small mammals in lowland Neotropical rainforests was evaluated. Peanut butter was the most effective bait and Victor rat traps the most effective trap. Each captured more species and individuals than any othe...