Simple assumptions have led to equations by which the latent period in multiplication and the bacterial numbers expected at any time during the phase of rapid growth may be predicted. Experimental data obtained under rather diverse conditions have given satisfactory agreement with calculated values. Since the mathematical expressions contain no arbitrary constants, more than accidental signific...

Stop and go traffic that leads to oscillate traffic flow frequently is observed on congestion flow. Unexpected reasons such as lane – changing maneuvers, lower speeds of leader vehicle and moving bottleneck cause stop and go traffic and amplifying delay and environment impacts. Stop and go traffic exactly can’t be modeled by traffic models, and also car following models based on kinematic flow ...

Filamentous bacteria are the oldest and simplest known multicellular life forms. By using computer simulations and experiments that address cell division in a filamentous context, we investigate some of the ecological factors that can lead to the emergence of a multicellular life cycle in filamentous life forms. The model predicts that if cell division and death rates are dependent on the densi...

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are a novel and alternative biomaterial for active biomedical applications among all metal metallic due to less toxicity biocompatibility with human cells. In this study, we studied the growth curve of Serratia marcescens Enterococcus faecalis identify mid-log phase bacterial perform exposure ZnO NPs investigating antibacterial efficacy. The INT assay was used...

Motivated by the limited available literature on the treatment of longitudinal binary and ordinal outcomes in a growth modeling framework, the goal of this entry is to provide an accessible and practical introduction of this topic for a criminological audience. The parameterization of categorical latent growth models is explained by integrating aspects of the more familiar conventional latent g...

the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis postulates an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and many local environmental health indicators, while some economists argue that the relationship follows other patterns. By using an overlapping generations (OLG) model, we focus on technological effects, where the properties of the existing pollution abatement technologies cou...

Four residuals in the MLNM(A1B1C1 + A2B2C2) are defined. The estimated model which is obtained by using the maximum likelihood theory is considered. The vec operator is applied to the estimated model and it turns out that the estimated model is the projection of the observations on the space generated by the design matrices which is the sum of two tensor product spaces. The estimated model is s...

Interdigitated microelectrodes (IMEs) were used as impedance sensors for rapid detection of viable Salmonella typhimurium in a selective medium and milk samples. The impedance growth curves, impedance against bacterial growth time, were recorded at four frequencies (10Hz, 100Hz, 1kHz, and 10kHz) during the growth of S. typhimurium. The impedance did not change until the cell number reached 10(5...

The growth curve model (GCM), also known as GMANOVA, is a useful technique for investigating patterns of change in repeated measurement data over time and examining the effects of predictor variables on temporal trajectories. The reduced rank feature had been introduced previously to GCM for capturing redundant information in the criterion variables in a parsimonious way. In this paper, a ridge...