TheCrossTalk articles byTyberg et al. (2013) and Westerhof & Westerhof (2013) and the comments about the forward and backward pressure waves in the arterial system reveal thatmost researchers depict the left ventricle as a wave emitter, and all the wave models arise from the axial momentum equation or the Navier–Stokes equations applied to the blood. These models not only have difficulty in def...

To identify a predictive value for the exacerbation status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects, we evaluated the relationship between pulmonary vascular measurements on chest CT and severe COPD exacerbation.Six hundred three subjects enrolled in the COPDGene population were included and divided into nonexacerbator (n = 313) and severe exacerbator (n = 290) groups, based on ...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study using 323 contrast-enhanced, multi-planner three-dimensional computed (3D-CT) scans. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for injury to the major vessels in the lateral transpsoas approach. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA To avoid critical complications such as major vessel injury, it is essential to examine anatomical information relate...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The typical magnetic resonance imaging picture of arterial dissection, namely, a narrowed eccentric signal void surrounded by a semilunar signal hyper-intensity (corresponding to the mural hematoma) on T1- and T2-weighted images, has been repeatedly reported, but the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of cervical dissection is poorly known. Anothe...

While non-contrast head computed tomography is effective in detecting blood, it is not sensitive in diagnosing hyperacute ischemic stroke. One neuroradiologic marker for early thromboembolic occlusion of the distal middle cerebral artery is the middle cerebral artery "dot" sign. The "dot" seen on the typical axial plane represents a hyperdensity of the middle cerebral artery in the Sylvian fiss...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Improved CTA delineation of arteries and unruptured aneurysms is clinically desired in the posterior fossa. We present a novel model-based iterative reconstruction that models system statistics and optics to improve CT image quality. We investigated the utility of MBIR for improving delineation of arteries in the posterior fossa on 3D brain CTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Us...

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It is characterized by multiple xanthogranulomatous masses throughout the body, predominantly in the tibia. One of the characteristic radiological findings of the lesions associated with ECD is a "coated artery," which is often observed in the aorta. Although approximately one-fourth of ECD cases involve the central nerv...

Non-Newtonian fluid flow in a stenosed coronary bypass is investigated numerically using the Carreau-Yasuda model for the shear thinning behavior of the blood. End-to-side coronary bypass anastomosis is considered in a simplified model geometry where the host coronary artery has a 75% severity stenosis. Different locations of the bypass graft to the stenosis and different flow rates in the graf...

epigastric pain that did not radiate. He had 6 episodes of emesis followed by retching. The character of the pain was different from past anginal symptoms. At his local emergency department, a chest roentgenogram revealed air presumably within a large intrathoracic hiatal hernia (Figure 1). Com-puted tomography was notable for the stomach being almost entirely intrathoracic and distended with a...

OBJECTIVE The use of automatic anastomotic devices in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is associated with lower patency rates in comparison to conventional anastomosis methods. This is thought to be caused by graft curvature occurring after closing of the chest wall. METHODS We evaluated 39 grafts in 28 patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery using the PAS-Port. ...