: C O d Indeed, its very existence also has implications for tackling much broader questions about how intracellular parasites evolved from algae, and whether the single origin of these plastids can be pushed even farther back in time to explain the origin of an even greater diversity of complex algae with red algal plastids, as proposed by the ‘chromalveolate hypothesis’. The discovery of an o...

Background Previous studies have shown that the mammalian thalamus is a key structure for anesthesia-induced unconsciousness and anesthesia-awakening regulation. However, both the dynamic characteristics and probable lateralization of thalamic functioning during anesthesia-awakening regulation are not fully understood, and little is known of the evolutionary basis of the role of the thalamus in...

PURPOSE The study aimed to investigate the course and duration of neuroendocrine recovery after 2-week 12-h day and night shift working periods and to study whether there were differences in recovery between the shift groups. METHODS Twenty-nine male offshore employees working 2-week 12-h shift tours participated in the study; 15 participated after a day shift tour and 14 after a night shift ...

In healthy, non-challenged individuals, the secretion of cortisol typically follows a diurnal profile characterized by a peak in the period following waking (cortisol awakening response) and a gradual decline throughout the day. In addition, cortisol secretion is increased in response to acutely stressful stimuli, particularly stressors involving social evaluation. The current study is the firs...

the us, not only failed to predict the occurrence of the middle east revolutions but also failed to understand the depth and the probability of its spread to other countries. while washington was engaged in tactical initiatives in confronting the islamic awakening, the islamic republic of iran took the creativity of a strategic game in hand. this was a three-step profile raised by the supreme l...

aim and background: enuresis is known as one of the most common disorders in childhood. snoring at night and obstructive sleep apnea have been considered as probable causes, at least in some cases. thus, the importance of a breathing exercise to reduce bedwetting in children with nocturnal snoring should be noted. method and materials: this study is an experimental survey with control group. th...