This study deals with the influence of heterotrophic growth on autotrophic nitrogen removal from wastewater in a granular sludge reactor. A mathematical model was set-up including autotrophic and heterotrophic growth and decay in the granules from a partial nitritation-anammox process. A distinction between heterotrophic bacteria was made based on the electron acceptor (dissolved oxygen, nitrit...

Partial sequences of the 16S ribosomal RNA genes of eleven autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were determined by PCR amplification from small amounts of heat-lysed biomass followed by direct sequencing of PCR products. The sequences were aligned with those of representative Proteobacteria and phylogenetic trees inferred using both parsimony and distance matrix methods. This confirmed that t...

We investigated the effects of bottle enclosure on autotrophic and heterotrophic picoplankton in North and South subtropical Atlantic oligotrophic waters, where the biomass and metabolism of the microbial community are dominated by the picoplankton size class. We measured changes in both autotrophic (Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and picoeukaryotes) and heterotrophic picoplankton biomass duri...

As a consequence of climate change, thermal stratification in lakes strengthens and increases the tendency towards hypolimnetic hypoxia or even anoxia. In the boreal zone, numerous lakes already undergo seasonal hypolimnetic anoxia, but its consequences for the microbial food web (MFW) are still largely unknown. However, the abundance as well as vertical distribution of predators, especially ci...

Apseudohomogeneous model of the nitrifying activated sludge process was developed to investigate the effects ofmass-transport resistance and heterotrophic/nitrifier competition on the apparent relationship between dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and nitrification . The kinetics of both heterotrophic carbon oxidation and autotrophic ammonia oxidation within activated sludge flocs were descri...

A simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process was developed for the treatment of ammonia laden effluent of a fertilizer industry. Autotrophic aerobic and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing biomass was enriched and their ammonia removal ability was confirmed in synthetic effluent system. Seed consortium developed from these was applied in the treatment of effluent in ...

In a study of chemosynthesis (the fixation of CO(2) by autotrophic bacteria in the dark) in Thiobacillus thiooxidans, the data obtained support the following conclusions: 1. CO(2) can be fixed by "resting cells" of Thiobacillus thiooxidans; the fixation is not "growth bound." 2. The physiological condition of the cell is of considerable importance in determining CO(2) fixation. 3. CO(2) fixatio...

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Investigations into the cause and control of the production of sulfuric acid in effluents of coal mines, and the effects of such effluents upon streams were begun in 1946.1 Working and abandoned mines of Western Pennsylvania alone contribute an estimated million tons of sulfuric acid per year to the drainage area of the Ohio River. A field survey of mine drainage and receiving streams was inaug...

The influence of the carbon source on metabolism and growth Clostridium aceticum was investigated, supplying either CO or fructose as sole source. acid solvent production patterns were determined under autotrophic heterotrophic conditions, elucidating effect pH substrate's bioconversion pattern. highest maximum specific rate observed with CO, organism's optimal reaching 0.052 h−1 an acetic conc...