A focus on legal and formal rules seems like a reasonable strategy if we want to develop deductively sound and falsifiable hypotheses within a principal-agent (PA) framework while studying the choices of states and/or the behavior of international organizations (IOs). This does not mean that formal rules/procedures and formal measures of voting power can account for all the empirical patterns t...

Administration of a large and complex system poses several problems: Usually, some tasks must be delegated due to lack of qualified or trusted staff, and some tasks must be automated. In many cases, some parts of the task might need special credentials, such as Kerberos tickets or AFS tokens, that may not necessarily be easily available to the person executing the task. The problem is that most...

In this laboratory experiment we study the use of strategic ignorance to delegate real authority within a firm. A worker can gather information on investment projects, while a manager makes the implementation decision. The manager can monitor the worker. This allows her to exploit any information gathered by the worker, but also reduces the worker’s incentives to gather information in the first...

We analyze a key problem in organization theory and design, namely the potential tension between authority (i.e., the power to make decisions which guide the decisions of another person) and the discretion of employees (i.e., the ability of an agent to control resources including his own human capital). The problem is rooted in the fact that in organizations, decisions rights are always loaned ...

How "default options" should be used in health risk assessment divides the risk analysis profession. Some argue that these should be "hard": set by policy, generally biased to be "health protective" and requiring a substantial body of evidence to replace by decision-specific alternatives. Others argue that they should be science-based, identified by consensus of the professional community, repl...

Privilege Management Infrastructures (PMI) are emerging as a necessary alternative to authorization through Access Control Lists (ACL) as the need for finer grained security on the Grid increases in numerous domains. The 2-year JISC funded DyVOSE Project has investigated applying PMIs within an e-Science education context. This has involved establishing a Grid Computing module as part of Glasgo...

In this laboratory experiment we study the use of strategic ignorance to delegate real authority within a firm. A worker can gather information on investment projects, while a manager makes the implementation decision. The manager can monitor the worker. This allows her to better exploit the information gathered by the worker, but also reduces the worker's incentives to gather information in th...

The development of judicial power brings some changes. One is the evolution administrative law related to object dispute, which embraces factual action. Thus, tort was also affected by this change. This writing aims understand government's liability on and regulation onrechtmatige overheidsdaad before after enactment Law Number 30/2014 government administration. legal research method reveals th...

We develop a reputational cheap talk model to characterize the essential activities of an expert: information acquisition and information transmission. The decision maker, who has the authority to take actions, is in lack of relevant information and is uncertain about the expert’s preference. The expert, who acquires and conveys information, may be biased that he is in favor of a particular act...