Cigarette taxation has long been a policy tool used to incentivize healthier behavior. Pregnant women are a group of particular interest in this context due to their unique position to pass health capital down to the next generation. This paper reviews the literature on the tax and price responsiveness of pregnant women to smoking during pregnancy. I first discuss the use of cigarette taxes as ...

background and aim: considerable increase in the rate of cesarean section is currently a major health challenge in our country, iran. cesareans are performed mostly without having a medical indication and due to pregnant women’s negative attitude to normal vaginal delivery. this study was conducted to measure the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral training in changing nulliparous women...

background : domestic violence (dv) is a serious problem all over the world which had been extended to boundaries of countries, economical, cultural and racial classes. 10-69 percent of women are exposed to physical, sexual and emotional violence which has numerous physical and emotional consequences. therefore, males' attitude towards women is one of the strongest predicting factors of violenc...

Despite the fall in fertility, unmet need for family planning in Ghana has declined only modestly from 50 percent in 1988 to 42 percent in 2008. The relative contribution to unmet need of lack of access to methods has diminished but attitudinal resistance has grown. In 2008, 45 percent of women with unmet need had no apparent problems of access or attitude, a third had access but an unfavourabl...

BACKGROUND Gender role attitude pertains to individuals' attitude toward proper role activities for men and women. Most of the factors relevant to family and society may affect individuals' attitudes toward their role. Meanwhile, parents' behaviors can act as an important factor in formation of different dimensions of children's personality. Accordingly, the present study was aimed to investiga...

0191-8869/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.018 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 954 829 6625. E-mail address: [email protected] (J.A. Eas Beginning in their late twenties, women face the unique adaptive problem of declining fertility eventually terminating at menopause. We hypothesize women have evolved a reproduction expediting psychological adaptation ...

The relationship between women's attitudes toward gender equality and their fertility aspirations has been researched extensively, but few studies have explored the same associations among men. Using recent Demographic and Health Survey data from five high fertility East African countries, we examine the association between young men's gender attitudes and their ideal family size. Whereas sever...

Objective To determine the effectiveness of achieving pregnancy with focused intercourse in the fertile window identified using natural fertility indicators. Methods 24-cycle prospective effectiveness study. Setting A North American web-based fertility monitoring service. Participants 256 North American women aged 20-43 (mean age 29.2 years) seeking to achieve pregnancy. Intervention Pa...