6 [1] Using sea surface temperature (SST), precipitation, and atmospheric information, this 7 statistical study revisits the questions of the July–September SST‐Sahel teleconnection 8 variability after removing impact of quasi‐global SSTs over the period 1900–2008. The 9 eastern Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean dominate the relationship, both in terms of 10 intensity and time stability, with ...

[1] Groundwater is an important component of the hydrologic cycle, and its anomaly will result in variations of soil moisture, water, and energy balances between the land surface and atmosphere, which ultimately influence climate. In this study, we implement a groundwater model into the regional climate model RegCM3, which is called RegCM3_GW, and investigate the effects of water table dynamics...

This article will demonstrate the utility of a thermal-based remote sensing technique for monitoring evapotranspiration (ET), vegetation health/stress, and soil moisture status at local to continental scales. The paper is intended for researchers in a broad range of scientific disciplines – from the biosciences, atmospheric sciences, and hydrology – and also for policy makers in environmental a...

Weather conditions, comprised of multiple parameters (e.g., atmospheric pressure, wind, temperature, moisture, and heat) vary during different months of the year. These variations influence almost all organisms including humans (1). Proper nutritional diet is one of the factors which can lead to human adjustment with atmospheric changes. Imam Reza, the eighth Shia Imam, has presented the most e...

contrasts stronger, which enhances sea breeze circulations. Together, they increase near-surface moisture flux convergence and favour convective processes leading to an overall increase of precipitation over urban areas. The diurnal cycle of these effects is reflected in the atmospheric footprint of cities on variables such as humidity and cloud mixing ratio and accompanies changes in precipita...

Spatial climate datasets of 1981-2010 long-term mean monthly average dew point and minimum and maximum vapor pressure deficit were developed for the conterminous United States at 30-arcsec (~800m) resolution. Interpolation of long-term averages (twelve monthly values per variable) was performed using PRISM (Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model). Surface stations availab...

1982, 1987, and 1997. (3) The clustering characteristics of the obtained climate networks qualitatively agree with the spatial distribution of connected regions with simultaneous events (i.e., events that occur at the same time), but provide a more detailed view on the spatial organization of strong atmospheric upwelling events. Interestingly, no comparable results are found for negative extrem...

This paper uses published work to demonstrate the link between surface moisture and heat fluxes and cumulus convective rainfall. The Earth’s surface role with respect to the surface energy and moisture budgets is examined. Changes in land-surface properties are shown to influence the heat and moisture fluxes within the planetary boundary layer, convective available potential energy, and other m...