The name Carex poeppigii (sect. Echinochlaenae) is validated and a new combination in South American Carex, C. vixdentata (sect. Spirostachyae), is made here. Also, the taxonomic status of C. aueri is discussed, and this name is placed in the synonymy of C. reichei (sect. Arenariae).

The paper attempts to rationalize cooperation in the one-shot prisoners’ dilemma (PD). It starts by introducing (and preliminarily investigating) a new kind of equilibrium (differing from Aumann’s correlated equilibria) according to which the players’ actions may be correlated (sect. 2). In PD the Pareto-optimal among these equilibria is joint cooperation. Since these equilibria seem to contrad...

We present a multilevel algorithm based on nonsymmetric collocation with compactly supported radial basis functions for the solution of nonlinear partial diierential equations. At the operator level this algorithm can be viewed as a Newton method. Details of the algorithm as well as numerical experiments are discussed. x1. Introduction Radial basis function (RBF) methods have been studied by va...

UNLABELLED Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus that includes saprobic, endophytic and pathogenic species associated with a wide variety of substrates. In recent years, DNA-based studies revealed multiple non-monophyletic genera within the Alternaria complex, and Alternaria species clades that do not always correlate to species-groups based on morphological characteristics. The Alternaria co...

Background. Radiotherapy has been widely used for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while its low efficacy and high toxicity raise big concerns. Astragalus (as a monarch drug)-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions and radiotherapy were frequently coused for NSCLC in China; however, the effects were not systematically analyzed. Objective. To evaluate the benefits of Astragalus-containing Chi...

Medicinal plants are one of very valuable rescores in wide range of world and Iran natural resources. Herbal medicines against chemical and synthetic drugs have bad effects and minor side effects and or are completely harmless. Interest in ethnobotany has increased dramatically in recent years. Medicinal folklore over the years has proved to be an invaluable guide in present day screening of dr...

The petiole and rachis anatomy of II North American Astragalus species that show a tendency towards persistent petioles is described and illustrated by line drawings of representative transections. The results are compared with those of a spine anatomical survey of 200 Old World Astragalus and Astracantha species. Attention was given to the anatomical characters previously determined to be taxo...

Astragalus species are medicinal plants that are used in the world for years. Some Astragalus species are known for selenium accumulation and tolerance and one of them is Astragalus chrysochlorus, a secondary selenium accumulator. In this study, we employed Illumina deep sequencing technology for the first time to de novo assemble A. chrysochlorus transcriptome and identify the differentially e...