Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and lyse bacteria. Interest in the ability of phages to control bacterial populations has extended from medical applications into the fields of agriculture, aquaculture and the food industry. Here, the potential application of phage techniques in wastewater treatment systems to improve effluent and sludge emissions into the environment is discussed. Phage-...

The element phosphorus (P) is essential to all life (e.g. plants, animals and bacteria) and is a key ingredient in fertilizers to sustain high crop yields. However, the lifetime of exploitable reserves of natural ore deposits containing P is estimated to range from the next few decades to several hundreds of years, since P is intensively used in agriculture and other industries. The use of P yi...

introduction :by ever-increasing of population, shortage of water resources and the necessity of wastewater treatment, huge volumes of sludge that is a byproduct of wastewater treatment, requires to be disposed in environmentally secure ways. the target of specifying strategic preferences of reuse of sludge has been to find the correct way of disposal or beneficial use of sludge. material and m...

Large amounts of untreated waste water of baker’s yeast industry from the Sudanese fermentation industry (SFI) are discharged in two different forms; molasses waste (MW) and wastewater from all processing operations. The objectives of the present study were to determine the chemical and physical properties of the wastewater from (SFI). Part of these characteristics is considered as parameters f...

Using disinfectants in agriculture increasingly requires consideration of the indirect effects on the environment and human health. At present, only limited information is available on post-application effects of disinfectants, and such data therefore needs to be gathered in order to assess potential effects. In addition, a basis exists for establishing precautionary guidelines using current in...

abstract protection policies in the agricultural sector is an inevitable necessity, its accomplish effects individuals welfare and economic sectors. protection policies account for a major economic strategy in agricultural sectors of developing and developed countries. applying ardl, the study investigates effects of protection policy in agricultural sector on total factor productivity of this ...