Aflatoxicosis has been associated with primary hepatocellular cancer, infertility, malnutrition and growth retardation. It is a commonly seen in areas where maize and groundnuts are contaminated by the Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. These fungi grow in hot and humid environments and poor drying of cereals. The fungal agents produce mycotoxins, principally, aflatoxins AFB1, AFG1, AFB2 an...

Tolnaftate [2-napthyl-N-methyl-N-(m-tolyl)thionocarbamate], an antifungal drug, is widely used to control superficial fungal infections in humans and other animals. In this study the effect of tolnaftate on aflatoxin biosynthesis by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 3240 was investigated. Tolnaftate changed the morphology of A. parasiticus to yeastlike forms and inhibited aflatoxin formation. The fo...

Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic polyketide metabolites produced by certain fungal species, including Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Many internal and external factors, such as nutrition and environment affect aflatoxin biosynthesis; therefore, we analyzed the transcriptome of A. flavus using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a normalized cDNA expression library constructed from ...

Background and Purpose: Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites with a very high diversity that are produced by some species of Aspergillus which frequently leads to contaminate food and agricultural products. Recently, elimination of aflatoxin contamination in food and feed has been considered by scientists worldwide. Although, the antibacterial and antifungal effects of vitamins as natura...

Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used worldwide to fight microbial infections. Allium sativum, in vegetable form, exhibits a high potential against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In the current study, antimicrobial effects of pure juice, aqueous extract, ethanolic dried powder garlic various concentrations (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, respectively) Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus au...

Peanuts, cottonseed, rice, and sorghum from Texas were sampled over a 3-year period. To insure adequate isolation of alfatoxin-producing species of fungi, low-quality lots were sampled at a rate greater than their respective proportional representation. Aflatoxins were found each year in peanut and cottonseed and were found in 2 of 3 years in rice and sorghum. Aflatoxins were detected in all fo...

Aflatoxins are a family of related bisfuranocoumarin compounds produced by fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. It has been reported that out of the known strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus, only about one-half produce toxins. In present study the occurrence of total aflatoxin contamination in Indian maize samples collected from local market of Lucknow city were investigated by com...