BACKGROUND Injecting drug use (IDU) is a strong predictor of recidivism and re-incarceration in ex-prisoners. Although the links between drug use and crime are well documented, studies examining post-release criminal activity and re-incarceration risk among ex-prisoners with a history of IDU are limited. We aimed to explore factors associated with property crime among people with a history of I...

This paper analyses the effect of local crime rates on the mental well being of residents. Our identification strategy addresses the problem of sorting, and endogenous moving behaviour. We find that crime causes considerable mental distress of residents, and that these effects are mainly driven by property crime. However, individuals react also to violent crime, in particular in areas individua...

Switzerland is a three-tier federal state in which the single states, the cantons, enjoy great fiscal and political independence of the federal government. Furthermore, they differ considerably in sociodemographic structure, economic performance and political institutions. This makes this country a perfect laboratory for analyzing the causal relationship between potential economic determinants ...

When the median voter's preference sets the level of local public goods, some voters are left unsatisfied. Is there an institution by which subsets of voters can resolve the collective action problem and increase the local provision of public goods? If so, what are the consequences? In response to problems such as crime and vandalism, neighborhood property owners have established Business Impro...

Objectives The classification of crime into discrete categories entails a massive loss of information. Crimes emerge out of a complex mix of behaviors and situations, yet most of these details cannot be captured by singular crime type labels. This information loss impacts our ability to not only understand the causes of crime, but also how to develop optimal crime prevention strategies. Methods...

PURPOSE Evaluate the relationship between neighborhood crime and the amount of daily walking by minority adults. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study of minority adult walking behavior and crime. Setting. Oakland, California was chosen as the study area because of the substantial spatial variation in levels of criminal activity combined with detailed information on walking trips. PARTICI...

This paper examines the relationship between income equality and crime using U.S. statewide panel data for the years 1981 to 1999. After controlling for demographics and the rates of poverty and unemployment, I find a robust negative relationship between income inequality and the violent and property crime rates. I conclude that rising income inequality during those two decades did not lead to ...

We investigate whether the intensity of emotional pain following a negative shock is different across the distribution of a person's locus of control - the extent to which individuals believe that their actions can influence future outcomes. Using panel data from Australia, we show that individuals with strong internal locus of control are psychologically insured against own and others' serious...

the criminal justice and observance of human rights principles have important roles in efficiency of bodies involved in combating against terrorism. as some states like u.k. have violated several international provisions such as international civil and political covenant and the european convention of human rights, this article tries to verify anti-terrorism crime and security act (atcsa) and i...