The wharf roach Ligia exotica is a small animal that lives by the sea and absorbs water from the sea through its legs by virtue of a remarkable array of small blades of micron scale. We find that the imbibition dynamics on the legs is rather complex on a microscopic scale, but on a macroscopic scale the imbibition length seems to simply scale linearly with elapsed time. This unusual dynamics of...

The natural carbon storage function of peatland ecosystems can be severely affected by the abandonment of peat extraction, influencing peatland drainage, leading to large and persistent sources of atmospheric CO2. Moreover, these cutover peatlands have a low and variable water table position and high tension at the surface, creating harsh ecohydrological conditions for vegetation re-establishme...

The observation was made in certain controlled nutrient solution studies with sugar beet and barley, that toxicity was associated with the supply of distilled water. The toxic element was referred to copper. The condition arose from storage of the distilled water in tin-lined copper tanks in which areas of exposed copper were evident. Direct analysis, by the colorimetric sodium diethyldithiocar...

The experiments with Beroe ovata showed that this ctenophore can survive and reproduce in the Caspian Sea water, though at far lower rate than in the Black Sea; larval growth in the Caspian Sea water was also slower and mortality higher. Maximum fecundity of 2210 and 240 eggs recorded in laboratories of Turkey and Iran, respectively. About 34 to 100% of eggs in the Caspian Sea water could not d...

We studied the formation and stability of Stearic Acid (SA) based films on aqueous sub-phases via Langmuir trough and imaging ellipsometry experiments. The aqueous phase was based on Artificial Sea Water (ASW), a multicomponent salt solution with a total molarity of 0.53. The composition of this 10 solution was varied via dilution (1, 10 and 100 times) and adjustment of the pH (3, 7, 10). Also ...

abstract one of the ways to increase economic and environmental efficiency of drainage systems is water table management. water table management consists of, controlled drainage and subirrigation. this study examines the effect of controlled drainage on yield, root distribution pattern and water use efficiency of maize (sc 704) in karaj. the experiment was performed as a randomized complete des...

Spain. system which possesses the flexibility to behave in different ways depending on the state of the environment. This paper presents the application of a novel hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) model to a forecasting problem over a complex and dynamic environment. The approach, which is discussed, is capable of producing satisfactory results in situations in which neither artificial neura...

sugarcane, which has high water requirements, is grown in khuzestan province (iran). climate and optimizing the use of water is very important to sustainable cultivation of sugarcane. studies of water requirements for sugar cane in khuzestan show that in parts of sugarcane agro-industry, the water applied is more than the actual water requirement of the plant. the present study was conducted to...

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide, used to control foliage and soil-borne insect pests on a variety of food and feed crops. In the natural environment, Chlorpyrifos can be degraded  through  several  possible  processes,  including  photodegradation, biodegradation,  and hydrolysis.  In  the  present  work  the  photodegradation  and  environmental  fate  of  Chlorpyrifos  in aqueo...