Inertial swimmers use flexural movements to push water and generate thrust. We quantify this dynamical process for a slender body in a fluid by accounting for passive elasticity and hydrodynamics and active muscular force generation and proprioception. Our coupled elastohydrodynamic model takes the form of a nonlinear eigenvalue problem for the swimming speed and locomotion gait. The solution o...

sturgeons in the caspian sea due to its unique characteristics in terms of economic and social in caspian countries have a high economic value at the national and even international levels. persian sturgeon (acipenser persicus) is considered one of the most valuable caspian sea fishes in terms of restocking, caviar and meat production. nowadays, the possibility of persian sturgeon proliferation...

We have investigated the effects of a reduced regional or a reduced body temperature, on pial arteriolar response to a variety of vasoactive stimuli. This has been done by studying the effects of these stimuli on groups of mice with different body temperatures, or with different temperatures of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) irrigating the pial surface. Responses in mice with body tem...

The purpose of this study is to derive optimal shapes of a body located in viscous flows by the finite element method using the acoustic velocity and the four-step explicit scheme. The formulation is based on an optimal control theory in which a performance function of the fluid force is introduced. The performance function should be minimized satisfying the state equation. This problem can be ...

In the social aphid Nipponaphis monzeni, a unique gall-repairing behaviour has been known: when a hole is made on the gall, many soldier nymphs discharge body fluid on the breach, which promptly solidifies and plugs the hole. Here, we experimentally investigated the subsequent fate of repaired galls and their inhabitants. Irrespective of natural repair by soldier nymphs or artificial repair wit...

A modified Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is proposed for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems especially, in cases which FSI is combined with solid-rigid contacts. In current work, the modification of the utilized SPH concerns on removing the artificial viscosities and the artificial stresses (which such terms are commonly used to eliminate the effects of tensile and numeri...