The cluster-level architectural knowledge is the source to maintain sustainable competitive advantage of clusters. To develop the knowledge-based theory of clusters, the authors chose Dalian Software Park as the object of study, and work strictly according to scientific research process of the case study method. Firstly, they put forward the research questions and established the subject of the...

As software systems become more complex the overall system structure – or software architecture – becomes a central design problem. An important step towards an engineering discipline of software is a formal basis for describing and analyzing these designs. In this paper we present a theory for one aspect of architectural description: the interactions between components. The key idea is to defi...

A (δ, g)-cage is a δ-regular graph with girth g and with the least possible number of vertices. In this paper, we show that all (δ, g)-cages with odd girth g ≥ 9 are r-connected, where (r − 1) ≤ δ + √ δ − 2 < r and all (δ, g)-cages with even girth g ≥ 10 are r-connected, where r is the largest integer satisfying r(r−1) 2 4 + 1 + 2r(r − 1) ≤ δ. Those results support a conjecture of Fu, Huang and...

We present some methods of determining explicit solutions for self-dual supermembranes in 4 + 1 and 8 + 1 dimensions with spherical or toroidal topology. For configurations of axial symmetry, the continuous SU(∞) Toda equation turns out to play a central role and a specific method of determining all the periodic solutions is suggested. A number of examples is studied in detail.

Over the past four decades several computer models have been developed to solve what has come to be known as the space planning problem in architectural design. Although, space planning cannot be defined as an independent problem in the whole architectural design process, the problem is important if considered within the context of the design process itself, i.e. exploring the topological optio...

Rate monotonic theory and its generalizations have been adopted by national high technology projects such as the space station and have recently been supported by major open standards such as the IEEE Futurebus+ and POSIX.4. In this paper, we describe the use of generalized rate monotonic scheduling theory for the design and analysis of a distributed real-time system. We review the theory, exam...

The Cantonese sentences in (2) illustrate these claims. They denote past events and there are no markers attached to the verb (subclaim (1a)). Subclaim (1b) is illustrated by the minimal pair in (2b) and (2c): the latter describes a current situation and the former, with the temporal adverb ML FLQ ‘formerly’, describes a past event. (The superscripts in the Cantonese renderings are tone markers.)

Typical approaches to design patterns present them in the catalog form. For undergraduate students this abstract description of the pattern makes it even more difficult to understand its purpose and need. In this paper we describe a tool used at a university course to enable the students to learn architectural patterns by looking at code. The tool presented in this paper shows the solution to a...

We consider the stability of spatially homogeneous plane-wave spacetimes. We carry out a full analysis for plane-wave spacetimes in (4 + 1) dimensions, and find there are two cases to consider; what we call nonexceptional and exceptional. In the non-exceptional case the plane waves are stable to (spatially homogeneous) vacuum perturbations as well as a restricted set of matter perturbations. In...