BACKGROUND AND AIMS In 1941 Huggins described the effect of castration on prostate cancer. gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH) analogues were introduced in 1985. Complete androgen blockade (association of GNRH analogue with antiandrogen) was introduced by Fernand Labrie to achieve suppression of suprarenal testosterone. Long time androgen deprivation lead to androgen independence of the prost...

The literature in the field has shown that high levels of entrepreneurial orientation allow a company to develop the ability to innovate, to react quickly to changes in the environment and even to initiate change (Naman and Slevin, 1993). Carneiro (2000) considers organizational learning as an antecedent of innovation. In this paper we explore the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and marke...

Level-k theories are agnostic over whether individuals stop the iterated reasoning because of their own cognitive constraints, or because of their beliefs over the cognitive constraints of their opponents. In practice, individual level of play may be a function both of their own constraints and their beliefs over their opponents’ reasoning process. Moreover, the rounds of introspection that pla...

Arad and Rubinstein (American Economic Review, 102(7), 2012, 3561–3573) recently proposed a simple money-request game designed to trigger level-k reasoning. In an experiment that explores three variants of the game, they find evidence for the level-k model with observed levels of strategic thinking consistently ranging from 0 to 3. Our baseline treatment uses the basic version of the money-requ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate P availability, P and C contained in the microbial biomass, and enzymatic activity (acid phosphatases and β-glucosidases) in a Nitisol with the application of mineral and organo-mineral fertilizers. The experiment was performed in a protected environment with control over air temperature and soil moisture. The experimental design was organized in a "5 x 4" ...

Random mutations in genes from disparate protein classes may have different distributions of fitness effects (DFEs) depending on different structural, functional, and evolutionary constraints. We measured the fitness effects of 156 single mutations in the genes encoding AraC (transcription factor), AraD (enzyme), and AraE (transporter) used for bacterial growth on l-arabinose. Despite their dif...

We introduce a new type of agent, whom we refer to as a "problem solver" (PS). The PS interacts with conventional players and wishes to respond optimally to their moves. The PS has only partial information about the moves of the other players. Unlike a regular player, the PS does not "put himself in the shoes" of other players and does not form beliefs about their moves. Rather, he treats the d...

Chilling injury (CI) symptoms in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit, expressed as mesocarp discoloration, were found to be associated with embryo growth and ethylene production during cold storage. In cvs Ettinger and Arad most mesocarp discoloration was located close to the base of the seed and was induced by ethylene treatment in seeded avocado fruit. However, ethylene did not increase me...