Many ectotherms are shifting their distributions polewards, which has been associated with the evolution of phenotypic traits and thermal plasticity. Trophic interactions may determine dynamics ecological impact range expansions. However, it is largely unknown how trait in edge populations shapes trophic interactions. We studied evolutionary changes short-term (functional response) long-term pr...

The observed patterns of distribution and abundance of aquatic insects indicate successful adaptations to a wide variety of habitats. To demonstrate how organisms adapt to particular niches of the freshwater community, examples of species using certain environments are presented in this chapter and the life cycle is used as a framework for describing diverse modes of coping with environmental c...

Abstract As a result of ongoing climate change, extreme climatic events (ECEs) are expected to become more frequent and severe. The high biodiversity riverine ecosystems is susceptible ECEs, especially water temperature (extreme heat cold) discharge-related (flood drought) events. Long time series needed unravel the effects ECEs on ecological communities. Here, we used 20 years (1986–2005) unus...

Papua New Guinea is one of the most valuable tropical regions but ecological research of its freshwater invertebrates has been lacking. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the species richness, diversity and structure of aquatic insect assemblages in different habitats in the Wanang River catchment in a well-preserved lowland rainforest. Assemblage structure was studied on two spatial scales ...

Predator-driven divergent selection may cause differentiation in defensive armor in threespine stickleback: (1) predatory fish and birds favor robust armor, whereas (2) predaceous aquatic insects favor armor reduction. Although (1) is well established, no direct experimental evidence exists for (2). I examined the phenotypic and genetic consequences of insect predation using F(2) families from ...

Phenological dynamics are controlled by environmental factors, disturbance regimes and species interactions that alter growth or mortality risk. Ecosystem engineers can be a key source of disturbance, yet their effects on the phenologies of co-occurring organisms are virtually unexplored. We investigated how the abundance of a dominant ecosystem engineer, spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus n...

Data on the degree of knowledge different groups aquatic invertebrates northern slopes Central Caucasus are given. It is shown that best known mayflies, stoneflies, odonates and caddisflies. Other have been studied to a much smaller degree. The estimated number species in study area several hundreds. Secondary insect groups, such as those order Diptera, most speciose. various presented. dragonf...