Proteolytic cleavage in the ectodomain of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a key regulatory step in the generation of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide and occurs through two different protease activities termed alpha- and beta-secretase. Both proteases compete for APP cleavage, but have opposite effects on Abeta generation. At present, little is known about the cellula...

One of the most popular ways to monetize a free app is by including advertisements in the app. There are several advertising (ad) companies that provide these ads to the app developers through ad libraries that need to be integrated in the app. However, the demand for ads far exceeds the supply for them. This obstacle may lead app developers to integrate several ad libraries from different ad c...

The potential and promise of mobile app development depends in large part on the creative capability of the app developer. In Africa, despite the explosion of mobile phones over the last few years, there is uncertainty regarding the state and need for more relevant apps. In this paper, we draw from a focus group discussion of African based experts and decision-makers from international agencies...

Numerous cytoplasmic adaptor proteins, including JIP1, FE65, and X11alpha, affect amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and Abeta production. Dab1 is another adaptor protein that interacts with APP as well as with members of the apoE receptor family. We examined the effect of Dab1 on APP and apoEr2 processing in transfected cells and primary neurons. Dab1 interacted with APP and apoEr2 and...

Amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease are primarily aggregates of Abeta peptides that are derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Neurotransmitter agonists that activate phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and protein kinase C stimulate APP processing and generate soluble, non-amyloidogenic APP (APPs). Elevations in cAMP oppose this stimulatory effect and lead to the accumulation of cell-a...

BACKGROUND Over the past decade, there have been massive developments in both Web-based and mobile phone technologies. Mobile phones are well accepted by students, trainees, and doctors. A review of the current literature has identified the following specialties that have used mobile phones in education: pediatrics, ophthalmology, nephrology, plastic surgery, orthopedics, pharmacology, and urol...

The amyloid precursor protein (APP) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a copper binding domain (CuBD) located in the N-terminal cysteine-rich region that can strongly bind copper(II) and reduce it to Cu(I) in vitro. The CuBD sequence is similar among the APP family paralogs [amyloid precursor-like proteins (APLP1 and APLP2)] and its orthologs (including Drosophila melanogaster, Xenopus laevis, and...

BACKGROUND The familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have an identical pathology with a severe disparity in the time of onset [1]. The pathological similarity suggests that epigenetic processes may phenocopy the Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) mutations within sporadic AD. Numerous groups have demonstrated that FAD mutations in presenilin result in 'loss of function' of gam...

Lifelong latent infections of the trigeminal ganglion by the neurotropic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) are characterized by periodic reactivation. During these episodes, newly produced virions may also reach the central nervous system (CNS), causing productive but generally asymptomatic infections. Epidemiological and experimental findings suggest that HSV-1 might contribute to the pathog...

Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) is a famous traditional Chinese herbal formula that has been widely used clinically to treat cerebral ischemia. Recently, we found that berberine, a major alkaloid compound in HLJDT, reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model. In this study, we compared the effects of HLJDT, four single component herbs of HLJDT (Rhizoma coptidis ...