Tissue samples of thyroid glands of 16 healthy camels (Camelus dromedarius) were investigated under two age groups i.e. group A (3-5 years) and group B (6-10 years)) with equal number of animals, for their gross and microscopic anatomy. Gross studies revealed that thyroid glands were located near the first ring of trachea and had two lobes, connected by an isthmus. They were of reddish brown in...

External ear development is a lengthy and complex process that extends from early embryonic life until well into the postnatal period. Initial development of the auricle and external auditory canal during the fourth and fifth weeks of gestation is closely associated with anatomical changes involving the pharyngeal arch apparatus of the human embryo. The auricle and external canal are well forme...

1. In the epidermis non-specific esterase activity outlines a strongly reactive band between the stratum granulosum and the stratum corneum. In the epidermis of the palm, there is no such esterase-rich band. 2. The outer sheath of active hair follicles has strong enzyme activity. The degenerating hair bulb in catagen follicles is very strongly reactive, and clusters of cells around the hair clu...

The Fox-Fordyce disease is a rare inflammatory dermatosis that affects mainly young women and is characterized by multiple follicular papules, skin color or brownish, very itchy, localized in areas rich in apocrine glands. Histopathology shows focal spongiosis of the upper infundibulum with fibrosis and perifollicular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate. The diagnosis is based on clinical and histopat...

Synopsis The human apocrine glands and associated s tructures a re scent organs, jus t as are simila r complexes in many other orders of mammals. The units of the axillary organ s a re precisely equivalent to, for example, those of the oral glands of ground squirrels or the chin glands of rabbits. The rabbit glands are androgen-dependent; clinica! and other evidence suggests that this is equa l...

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic debilitating disease. Surgical removal of all apocrine glands in the affected region is the definitive treatment. The resulting wound may either be left to heal secondarily or closed primarily. Secondary healing in the axilla may cause contractures and stiffening of the shoulder. Primary healing requires direct closure, split-skin grafting or local flap app...

Human skin consists of a stratified, cellular epidermis and an underlying dermis of connective tissue [1–5]. The dermal–epidermal junction is undulating in section; ridges of the epidermis, known as rete ridges, project into the dermis. The junction provides mechanical support for the epidermis and acts as a partial barrier against exchange of cells and large molecules. Below the dermis is a fa...