INTRODUCTION IgG anti-apolipoprotein A-1 (IgG anti-apoA-1) antibodies are present in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may link inflammatory disease activity and the increased risk of developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in these patients. We carried out a rigorous analysis of the associations between IgG anti-apoA-1 levels and disease activity, drug th...

Objective—The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of SAA and SR-BI in remodeling of acute phase HDL (AP HDL). Methods and Results—We used SAA and SR-BI adenoviral vector expression models to study the interaction between these entities. SR-BI processing of mouse AP HDL generated progressively smaller discreet HDL particles with distinct apolipoprotein compositions. SR-BI ac...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of SAA and SR-BI in remodeling of acute phase HDL (AP HDL). METHODS AND RESULTS We used SAA and SR-BI adenoviral vector expression models to study the interaction between these entities. SR-BI processing of mouse AP HDL generated progressively smaller discreet HDL particles with distinct apolipoprotein compositions. SR-BI ...

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) is abundant in serum and associates with high density lipoproteins (HDL). We have characterized the distribution of GPI-PLD among lipoproteins in human plasma. Apolipoprotein (apo)-specific lipoproteins containing apoB (Lp[B]), apoA-I and A-II (Lp[A-I, A-II]), or apoA-I only (Lp[A-I]) were isolated using dextran sulfate and immunoa...

Bariatric surgery is the most successful strategy for treating obesity, yet the mechanisms for this success are not clearly understood. Clinical literature suggests that plasma levels of apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) rise with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). apoA-IV is secreted from the intestine postprandially and has demonstrated benefits for both glucose and lipid homeostasis. Because of th...

The N-terminal 146 residues of apolipoprotein (apo) A-V adopt a helix bundle conformation in the absence of lipid. Because similarly sized truncation mutants in human subjects correlate with severe hypertriglyceridemia, the lipid binding properties of apoA-V(1-146) were studied. Upon incubation with phospholipid in vitro, apoA-V(1-146) forms reconstituted high density lipoproteins 15-17 nm in d...

Apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) is a potent regulator of intravascular triglyceride (TG) metabolism, yet its plasma concentration is very low compared with that of other apolipoproteins. To examine the basis for its low plasma concentration, the secretion efficiency of apoA-V was measured in stably transfected McA-RH7777 rat hepatoma cells. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that only ∼20% of newly s...

Estrogen treatment raises plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which may reduce cardiovascular risk. To identify the responsible mechanisms as well as the importance of the route of administration, we treated eight healthy postmenopausal women in a double-blind crossover study with three treatments for 6 weeks each: oral estradiol, 2 mg daily; transdermal estradiol, 0.1 mg twice weekly...

We studied the pharmacological potential of retinoids to modulate apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and apoA-II gene expression and production in vitro in the human cell line HepG2 as well as in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes and in vivo in the rat. In HepG2 cells, addition of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) doubled apoA-I mRNA within 24 hours and protein secreted in the culture medium after 48 ...

The two major apolipoproteins associated with human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) high density lipoproteins (HDL) are apoA-I and dimeric apoA-II. Although humans are closely related to great apes, apolipoprotein data do not exist for bonobos (Pan paniscus), western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) and the Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii). In the absence of any data, other great a...