T HE CLOSE anatomic relationship of the conduction system of the heart to most ventricular septal defects'-5 makes the occurrence of complete heart block a potential risk in the repair of these lesions. In our experience , when complete heart block has developed , it has often proved to be a serious complication. Although reversion to sinus rhythm occurs in the early postoperative period in man...

background: pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complication of most congenital heart diseases. we sought to assess the effect of sildenafil on patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension in association with congenital heart disease on the basis of clinical and echocardiographic parameters and compare the catheterization and treatment results so as to evaluate the predictive value ...

The atrioventricular (AV) valves are complex anatomical structures which perform sophisticated functions.(1) A wide spectrum of malformations of these valves can occur in patients with AV septal defects. We here describe the anatomic and functional abnormalities of a rare form of the disease, where two valves connected the right atrium to both the right and left ventricles, in addition to a thi...

BACKGROUND The decision whether to close the ventricular septal defect at the time of unifocalization in patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and major aortopulmonary collaterals may be difficult. The purpose of this study was to develop morphologic and physiologic methods to aid in deciding whether to close the ventricular septal defect in patients undergoing one-stage u...

Swiss-cheese atrial septal defect (ASD) is a malformation characterized by multi-fenestrated interatrial defects. Here, we describe vignette of 23-year-old man with Swiss-Cheese ASD two defects areas 0.74 cm2 and 0.44 cm2, complicated an aneurysm successfully repaired cribriform amplatzer occluder (ASO) via the percutaneous transcatheter approach. This case emphasizes importance attaining clear...

THERE HAS BEEN inereasinog interest in the physiologic rather than the anatomic disturbances in tetralogy of Fallot." 2 Accordingly, the degree of pulmonary stenosis and the size of the ventricular septal defect are the factors of physiologic importance in this congenital anomaly. The dextroposition of the aorta is functional due to the high ventricular septal defect, and the right ventricular ...

A 35-year-old male patient presented with heart failure. On examination, there was a continuous murmur over the left sternum. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a ruptured aneurysm arising from the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva and draining into the right atrium.

A case of severe right ventricular obstruction caused by a huge aneurysmal tissue tag is described associated with a perimembranous ventricular septal defect with an infundibular extension. Angiograms and surgical inspection clearly showed that the ventricular septal defect extended into the outlet septum. The distinctive features of this case was the severity of the gradient related to the pec...

In pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries lung growth and survival depend on the size and continued patency of the collateral arteries. Arterial structure was examined in 13 collaterals, taken from the necropsy specimens of seven children, six ofwhom died during the first seven months of life. Serial reconstruction was made oftwo collateral...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effect and safeness of the right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection with occlusion of major aortopulmonary collaterals and pulmonary artery angioplasty to rehabilitate the hypoplastic pulmonary arteries in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect beyond the infant period. METHODS From December 2009 to August 2012, 37 consecutive patients ...