A basic leucine zipper transcription factor, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), plays a critical role in the cellular defense mechanism by mediating a coordinate up-regulation of antioxidant responsive element-driven detoxification and antioxidant genes. Here, we report that targeted disruption of Nrf2 causes regenerative immune-mediated hemolytic anemia due to increased sequestration of damaged er...

Changes in expressions of up- and downstream thiol cascade were studied in leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. VL-63 and its mutant, pvsod1 (deficient in superoxide dismutase activity) under 50 μM sodium arsenate (As), As + L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) and As + BSO + Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS)-treatments for 10 days. Main objective was to investigate the functional relationship between hydrog...

Cadmium (Cd) brings a devastating health hazard to human being as a serious consequence of agricultural and environmental contamination. We demonstrated the protective effect of silicon (Si) on cadmium (Cd)-stressed rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. BINA Sharisha 3) plants through regulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Twelve-day-old seedlings were exposed to Cd stress (0.5 and...

neurotoxicity following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Accumulation of ROS, particularly superoxide anion (O ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causes damage to membrane phospholipids, proteins and DNA. Under normal circumstances, these oxidant species can be effectively scavenged by antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). In mammalian SOD...

The aim of the study was to investigate the levels of lipid peroxidation, and both plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant states in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The population consisted of 60 subjects divided into two groups, 30 subjects had evidence of rheumatoid arthritis and age and sex matched healthy subjects were studied as controls. The level of plasma and erythrocyte thiobarbituric a...

The goal of this study was to determine to what extent aging affects the antioxidant defense system of the rat adrenal and to evaluate the impact of any change in this system on the recognized age-related decline in steroidogenic capacity of adrenocortical cells. The studies were conducted on young (2-5 mo) and aging (12-27 mo) Sprague-Dawley rats and involved procedures measuring steroidogenes...

Heat shock increases skin temperature during sun exposure and some evidence indicates that it may be involved in skin aging. The antioxidant response mediated by the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critically important cellular defense mechanism that serves to limit skin aging. We investigated the effects of heat shock on collagenase expression when the antioxidant defen...

AIMS Diabetes is considered a state of increased oxidative stress. This study evaluates blood concentrations of selected markers of antioxidant defense in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The study included 80 type 2 diabetes patients and 79 apparently healthy controls. Measured markers included ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase ...

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease in which approximately 40% of the patients respond well to current chemotherapy, but the prognosis for the other 60% is poor. The Leukemia/Lymphoma Molecular Profiling Project (LLMPP) used microarray technology to define a molecular profile for each of 240 patients with DLBCL and develop a molecular outcome predictor score that ac...

OBJECTIVES To describe the importance of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase working together in human cells against toxic reactive oxygen species, their relationship with several pathophysiologic processes and their possible therapeutic implications. CONCLUSIONS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the cell growth, differentiation, prog...