Human use of antibiotics has driven the selective enrichment of pathogenic bacteria resistant to clinically used drugs. Traditionally, the selection of resistance has been considered to occur mainly at high, therapeutic levels of antibiotics, but we are now beginning to understand better the importance of selection of resistance at low levels of antibiotics. The concentration of an antibiotic v...

OBJECTIVE In this study we evaluated the levels of antibiotic- and multidrug-resistant bacteria in bioaerosols upwind, within, and downwind at locations 25 m, 50 m, 100 m, and 150 m from a swine confined animal feeding operation. DESIGN We used Andersen two-stage samplers to collect bacterial samples, the replicate plate method to isolate organisms, and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method t...

There has been a dramatic increase in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, which has made antibiotic choices for infection control increasingly limited and more expensive. In the U.S. alone, antibiotic-resistant bacteria cause at least 2 million infections and 23,000 deaths a year resulting in a $55-70 billion per year economic impact. Antibiotics are critical to the success...

2 3 The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the marine environment is a growing 4 concern, but the degree to which marine mammals, seabirds and fish harbor these organisms is 5 not well documented. This project sought to identify the occurrence and patterns of antibiotic 6 resistance in bacteria isolated from vertebrates of coastal waters in the northeastern United 7 States. 472 isol...

PURPOSE In the pediatric population, several different antibiotic regimens are currently recommended for the treatment of otitis media. This study investigated whether therapy for otitis media was associated with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant oral bacteria. METHODS Streptococcus sanguis (S. sanguis) was isolated from supragingival dental plaque of children after a recent course of ant...

Background. Antibiotic exposure is known to increase the risk of selecting for an antibiotic resistant organism. However, there is limited data describing temporal relationship between antibiotic exposure and selection of resistant organisms in patients rehospitalized for the same infection. The purpose of this study is to elucidate which combinations of organisms and antibiotics are most likel...

BACKGROUND Treatments for health care-associated infections (HAIs) caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and Clostridium difficile are limited, and some patients have developed untreatable infections. Evidence-supported interventions are available, but coordinated approaches to interrupt the spread of HAIs could have a greater impact on reversing the increasing incidence of these infections t...

A Study on the Prevalence of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci and Their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Recreational Waters Guilan Province, Iran

Tigecycline is a new glycylcycline antibiotic structurally similar to minocycline antibiotic. It has broad spectrum activity, including Staphylococcus aureus infections. This is the first study that evaluated the activity of Tigecycline against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from biological samples in Iran. In vitro activity of tigecycline against 160 Staphylococcus aureus including 99 methicil...