UNLABELLED There is increasing evidence that cell death after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion may begin as apoptosis rather than necrosis. To determine the time course, location, and extent of this process, we studied groups of rats after a 20-min interval of coronary occlusion and reperfusion. METHODS After thoracotomy, the left coronary artery was occluded for 20 min. After release and ...

the purpose of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxicity/apoptotic effect of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine, cladribine, (2-cda) in the human breast cancer cell line, mda-mb468 (estrogen receptor negative, er−). mtt [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h tetrazolium bromide] assay, annexin v-fluorescein/pi and hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect cytotoxicity and cell apopto...

Annexin V (1) specifically binds to phosphatidylserine on apoptotic and necrotic cells as well as certain cancer cells, making it an attractive vehicle for the delivery of therapeutically-relevant conjugates to such sites. The wild-type protein possesses a single thiol at Cys316, which is difficultly accessible to site-specific labeling by simple maleimides. By contrast, 1,4-benzoquinone site-s...

The phospholipids of the human red cell are distributed asymmetrically in the bilayer of the red cell membrane. In certain pathologic states, such as sickle cell anemia, phospholipid asymmetry is altered. Although several methods can be used to measure phospholipid organization, small organizational changes have been very difficult to assess. Moreover, these methods fail to identify subpopulati...

Studies on annexins in primary cultures of human osteoblasts and in the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 JAVAD MOHITI*, JOHN H. WALKER*AND ALISON M.CASWF.LL0. *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT UK. OHealth Sciences Group, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds. Calcium plays a central role in the regulation of many physiological processes. Calm...

UNLABELLED Minocycline is an antibiotic now recognized to have antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory properties. Because of these properties, minocycline may be of benefit in reducing neuronal apoptosis from ischemia and subsequent postischemic inflammation if administered soon after a stroke. We now explore the feasibility of using (99m)Tc-annexin V, an in vivo marker of apoptosis, with SPECT to ...

Naringin is a dietary flavonoid from citrus fruits with antioxidant and antiapoptotic activity. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, suicidal death of erythrocytes or eryptosis is paralleled by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Eryptosis is triggered by increased cytosolic Ca(2+) activity, e.g. following energy depletion...

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare X-linked disease characterized by a triad of dilated cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and neutropenia. The disease is associated with mutations of the TAZ gene, resulting in defective cardiolipin (CL), an important inner mitochondrial membrane component. Untreated boys die in infancy or early childhood from septicemia or cardiac failure. To date, neutrophil fun...

BACKGROUND Anemia is a major complication of end stage renal disease. The anemia is mainly the result of impaired formation of erythrocytes due to lack of erythropoietin and iron deficiency. Compelling evidence, however, points to the contribution of accelerated erythrocyte death, which decreases the life span of circulating erythrocytes. Erythrocytes may enter suicidal death or eryptosis, whic...