The distribution and mobility of anionic sites on the surfaces of baby hamster kidney cells were studied by utilizing the multivalent ligand, polycationic ferritin, as a visual probe. Our observations revealed that anionic sites are distributed over the entire cell surface, with the highest density of sites being located on cell surface microextensions. Following the initial binding of polyca...

In various kinds of glomerulonephritis, alteration of anionic charge on the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and podocytes has been controversial for more than decade. To elucidate the relation between glomerular protein leakage and anionic sites on the glomerular wall, we examined the distribution of anionic sites on the GBM and podocytes of rats with active Heymann nephritis (AHN). Urinalys...

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) has been widely used in place of naturally occurring phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in reconstitution of bacterial membrane proteins. However, PC does not support native structure or function for several reconstituted transport proteins. Lactose permease (LacY) of Escherichia coli, when reconstituted in E. coli phospholipids, exhibits energy-dependent uphill and energy-i...

Background. Deposition of polymeric IgA1 (pIgA) in kidney mesangium is the hallmark of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Current consensus is that a fraction of IgA1 molecules in the circulation of IgAN patients exhibit aberrant structures or properties that may lead to their deposition. Our previous findings suggest that the anionic property of IgA1 may play a role in mesangial IgA1 deposition in patien...

the main objective of the present work was to synthesis polyamide 6 through anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam in an internal mixer. the reaction time and the rheological properties of samples during the polymerization were studied. the samples were characterized by thermo gravimetry analysis (tga), differential scanning calorimeter (dsc) and ft-ir spectrometer. the melt flow behavior and ...

a novel pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid mixed ligands complex of formula [co(no3)2].6h2o has been obtained by the reaction of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid with cobalt nitrate and 1,10-phenanthroline on heating in water. the structures of [co(pydc)(phen)(h2o)](pydch2).4h2o receptors, and their complexes were optimized using dft method at the b3lyp/3-21g** level. the highest occupied molecular o...