In this paper the design of a biped robot actuated with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) springs with minimum degrees of freedom is presented. SMA springs are a class of smart materials that are known for their high power to mass and volume ratios. It was shown that utilizing spring type of SMAs have many advantages as large deformation, smooth motion, silent and clean movement compared to ordinary typ...

Temporal variation in geochemistry can cause changes in microbial community structure and diversity. Here we studied temporal changes of microbial communities in Tengchong hot springs of Yunnan Province, China in response to geochemical variations by using microbial and geochemical data collected in January, June and August of 2011. Greater temporal variations were observed in individual taxa t...

A boron isotope study combined with analyses of elemental boron, lithium, and chlorine is used to suggest that brines from the Dead Sea and on-shore hypersaline thermal springs (Hamme Yesha, Hamme Zohar, and Hamme Mazor) are the products of interaction of evaporated seawater with detrital sediments. The high 6”B values of the Dead Sea brines (55.7 to 57.4%0 versus NBS-951) and the hot springs (...

The magmatic-hydrothermal system at Yellowstone National Park is unique among presently active systems in regard to its unparalleled geysers, tectonic environment, and magnitude of caldera-forming volcanic activity. However, over geologic time, systems like Yellowstone have been common and appear to have been responsible for the formation of many important basc-metal and precious-mctal ore depo...

W as there life on Mars? If so, microorganisms would have left chemical signatures in the rocks, as they have done here on Earth. Astrobiologist Sherry Cady of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is helping NASA Mars mission teams decide where to search for fossilized evidence of life on the red planet. As part of the SETI Institute’s NASA Astrobiology Institute team, she studies Earth enviro...

S. Kondragunta, NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, MD 20746 [email protected] X. Zhang, ERT Inc., NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, MD 20746 C. Schmidt, Co-Operative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI R. B. Pierce, NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applicatio...

TEMPERATURE PRODUCTS: ANALYZING DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SATELLITE AND IN SITU MEASUREMENTS Yunyue Yu*, Ming Chen, Dan Tarpley, Jeffrey Privette Center for Satellite Applications and Research, NOAA/NESDIS, 5200 Auth Rd., Camp Springs, MD, USA 20746-4304 I. M. Systems Group, Inc., Camp Springs, MD, USA 20746 Short & Associates, Camp Springs, MD, USA 20746 National Climate Data Center, NOAA/NESDIS, Ash...

The Isti Su hot spring is located in southeast of Salmas, in Western Azerbaijan, Iran. The area is a small part of Sanandaj-Sirjan geological zone which hosts many hot springs. The magma chamber of Salmas region is the main heat source of the hot springs in Isti Su area. Abundant rainfall and relatively long duration of snowfall as well as several deep faults in the area create the best conditi...