abstract this study investigates the impact of housing and non- housing investment on the iran's gross domestic production (gdp) using quarterly data from 1370-1 to 1386-4. considering that iran has an open economy and that the net export plays an important role in gdp fluctuations, this research focuses on the difference between the effects of residential and non-residential investment in open...

The amenity migration phenomenon and outdoor recreation growth has led to rapid amenity-based development of many gateway communities in the American West, particularly regions adjacent protected public lands. This typically enhances traditional regional economic indicators income, employment, taxes but can result run-away housing costs, a hollowing out income distribution, residential sprawl, ...

Throughout the 20th century, many countries created national parks, forests, nature reserves, and sanctuaries to provide benefits that are underproduced on private lands . Private lands are now especially valuable for providing ecological services that publi c lands cannot provide, due to the increasing demands for all uses and the political and economic conflicts associated with allocating pub...

Wind erosion not only affects agricultural productivity but also soil, air, and water quality. Dust and specifically particulate matter ≤10 μm (PM-10) has adverse effects on respiratory health and also reduces visibility along roadways, resulting in auto accidents. The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) was developed by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service to simulate wind erosion and prov...

Soil salinity is one of the problems threatening agricultural lands. Parts of this phenomenon are related to geologic formations and saltpans, while some major factors are resulted from irrelevant agricultural activities, issue of irrigation, and improper cultivation systems which lead to increase in soil salinity. To avoid such consequences that would end up with ecosystem degradation, suitabl...