eggs unlike their own? One possibility is that they are new hosts, with insufficient time to have evolved defences. The other is that defences are costly — for example, egg rejection may involve recognition errors — and parasitism levels may be below the threshold where it pays to sustain these costs. Even among host species that have evolved egg rejection, individuals are less likely to reject...

Background: Function prediction by transfer of annotation from the top database hit in a homology search has been shown to be prone to systematic error. Phylogenomic analysis reduces these errors by inferring protein function within the evolutionary context of the entire family. However, accuracy of function prediction for multi-domain proteins depends on all members having the same overall dom...

This study focuses on the relationship between lower-intermediate level EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness and accuracy in self-assessment of a speaking test. We tried to raise the learners’ metacognitive awareness through practice in goal-setting and planning. To do so, 103 lower-intermediate level students took a pretest of speaking, completed a metacognitive awareness questionnaire, and h...

The Prym variety of a pair of coverings is defined roughly speaking as the complement of the Prym variety of one morphism in the Prym variety of another morphism. We show that this definition is symmetric and give conditions when such a Prym variety is isogenous to an ordinary Prym variety or to another such Prym variety. Moreover in order to show that these varieties actually occur we compute ...