نتایج جستجو برای: and government budget as wellthe result indicate that government expenditure
تعداد نتایج: 17482660 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
One of the major problems in Iranian economy is continuous deficit in the budget operating balance due to the non-optimal government size. The government often financed a part of this deficit by debt cearation. Government debts depends on its size and decomposition have variety macroeconomic effects. So, this study investigated the macroeconomic effects of government debt in iran during 1352-13...
In a recent compilation of lessons learned about decentralization, Roy Bahl (1999) highlighted three channels through which central interventions often undermine the discipline of a hard budget constraint for local governments. These are “deficit grants” to cover year-end deficits on local government budgets, direct central government coverage of shortfalls on specific items of expenditure, and...
Present fiscal policy progression will pave the way for the government's debts repayment if the government is in the fiscal stability condition. This paper tries to test Iranian government's fiscal stability on the basis of 1971-2008 data, using multicointegration method. In this method, it is possible to study the cointegration relationship of variables with different accumulation rank order. ...
the research questions were as follows: 1. is there any relationship between the students concious awareness of the form and implications of the conjuncations and their improvement in using appropriate conjunctions? 2. does students knowledge of the from and the implications of the conjunctions help them to produce more coherent writings. 3. does a comparison between english conjunctions and th...
we apply the two-sector production function developed by ram (1986) to estimate the threshold regression model for iran, concerning the effect of government size on economic growth. three government size indicators are used to find out the different threshold points. the results show a non-linear relationship of the armey curve in iran, in which the threshold effects corresponding to total gove...
it is definitely necessary to understand the concept and behavior of causation of life insurance policies and its determinants for insurance managers, regulators, and customers. for insurance managers, the profitability and liquidity of insurers can be increasingly influenced by the number of causation through costs, adverse selection, and cash surrender values. therefore, causation is a materi...
abstract the main purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was any significant difference between the speaking achievement of learners who were trained by means of consciousness raising of sociolinguistic skills and that of learners who were trained without the above mentioned task. the participants of this study consist of 60 intermediate level students participating languag...
هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی تاثیر نشانه های فرا گفتمان متنی بر فهم متون انگلیسی به وسیله ی زبان اموزان فارسی زبان است.این تحقیق علاوه بر این کوشیده است تا میزان اگاهی این زبان اموزان و نحوه ی تعامل انان را با متون خوانده شده در زبان انگلیسی به وسیله ی پرسش نامه ی تهیه شده بررسی کند.بر اساس محتوای یک متن انگلیسی یازده سوال درست /غلط طرح گردید و یک مرتبه با ان متن و یک مرتبه با نسخه ای که نشانه ها...
1.1 The national budget is a plan which spells out the socio-economic development agenda of the government and reflects its highest level of political commitment in a given year. As such, it identifies sources of revenue and allocates expenditures to government programs based on the priorities in the development agenda. For 2008, the proposed total expenditure program amounts to P1.227 trillion...
This paper is part of a wider research on South and East Asia countries’ taxation, carried over at this Department, under the direction of L. Bernardi, A. Fraschini and P. Shome, and under the supervision of. V. Tanzi. In South and East Asian countries a highly centralized government prevails, although recently some trends are moving toward a greater degree of decentralization. Also the two gia...
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