Article history: Received 11 August 2013 Received in revised form 29 December 2014 Accepted 12 January 2015 Available online 16 January 2015

Research on the effect of implicit and explicit instruction on developing learners’ explicit knowledge by the use of measures of explicit knowledge abounds in the literature. However, measuring learners’ implicit knowledge employing fine-grained measures has rarely been the concern of researchers in the field. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to scrutinize the effectiveness of implici...

flood routing has many applications in engineering projects and helps designers in understanding the flood flow characteristics in river flows. floods are taken unsteady flows that vary by time and location. equations governing unsteady flows in waterways are continuity and momentum equations which in case of one-dimensional flow the saint-venant hypothesis is considered. dynamic wave model as ...

The extent of visual processing that occurs outside of awareness is an unresolved issue of broad importance to the field of cognitive neuroscience. Research examining this question is predicated on the notion that any information that is represented in the brain, whether an individual is aware of it or not, holds the potential to affect subsequent behavior in a relevant way. Identifying the inf...

This survey brings together a collection of epistemic logics and discusses their approaches in alleviating the logical omniscience problem. Of particular note is the logic of implicit and explicit belief. Explicit belief refers to information actively held by an agent, while implicit belief refers to the logical consequence of explicit belief. Ramifications of Levesque’s logic include nonstanda...

This study investigated deaf adolescents' implicit and explicit awareness of subject-verb number agreement. In Experiment 1, a self-paced reading task, the reading times of deaf and hearing children (matched for reading and chronological age, mean=8;3 and 13;10 years) increased when sentences contained disagreeing subject-verb number markers. However, deaf adolescents' slowing occurred later in...

Distinct aspects of our fearful experiences appear to be mediated by separate explicit and implicit memory processes. To identify brain regions that support these separate memory processes, we measured contingency awareness, conditional fear expression, and functional magnetic resonance imaging signal during a Pavlovian fear conditioning procedure in which tones that predicted an aversive event...

1 It is fair to say that at the moment the Bispectral Index (BIS) does not offer guarantees for awareness prevention and as reported by Avidan, the use of the Bispectral Index could give anesthesiologists a false sense of security that if they keep the measurement between 40 and 60, they will prevent anesthesia A. 2 Why do we continue to use the BIS ? It simply guides us in saving drugs and fac...

The prediction of river, s discharge rate is one of the important issues in water resources engineering. This issue is very important for the planning, management, and policy making in water resources management, especially in the country like Iran, with limited water resources in line the economic and environmental development. Awareness of how the relationship between rainfall and run...