The power grid is currently facing tremendous changes in the way the energy is produced, transmitted and consumed. The increasing number of actors and the demand for more and more complex services to be provided by the grid exceed the capabilities of today's control systems. This paper gives an overview of the changes that the power system is undergoing and how these affect the aspects of commu...

Plug-in electric vehicles could offer flexibility for wind power and an attempt was made to quantify the effect with a power system model Wilmar. Wilmar simulates unit commitment and dispatch using mixed integer programming and includes wind power and load stochasticity as well as a module for plug-in electric vehicles. Forecast errors of wind power increase the need for balancing and ancillary...

In this paper, we present a systematic exposition of generator-provided reactive support as an unbundled ancillary service under open access transmission. We discuss the nature and salient physical characteristics of reactive support and analyze their implications in acquiring VAr support as one of the ancillary services. The paper provides an analysis of the dominant component in the cost stru...

The unbundling of rate structures and ancillary services, combined with escalating demands of the “always connected” consumer, have made the similarities between airlines and retail more significant than ever. Retail and airline customers are influenced by many of the same factors. The two are increasingly comparing and contrasting products and researching their options before making purchases....