Respiratory gas exchange on exercise was evaluated as a non-invasive method of assessing patients with heart failure. Twenty four men (age 28-72) with symptomatic chronic stable heart failure (New York Heart Association class II-III) and ten controls aged 36-70 were studied. During treadmill exercise oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured continuously by analysis of mixe...

Background—Children and young adults with single-ventricle physiology have abnormal exercise capacity after the Fontan operation. A medication capable of decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance should allow improved cardiac filling and improved exercise capacity. Methods and Results—This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial conducted in children and young adults after ...

I read your article with interest. However, a sentence under the subheading ‘Cardiopulmonary exercise testing’ in the methods section (‘Two key measurements can be determined from these data, [oxygen uptake at peak exercise and anaerobic threshold], indicating the point at which anaerobic metabolism is inadequate to maintain high energy phosphate production [...]’) does not coincide with the pr...

The aims of this study were to establish and validate various predictive equations of half-marathon performance. Seventyeight half-marathon male runners participated in two different phases. Phase 1 (n = 48) was used to establish the equations for estimating half-marathon performance, and Phase 2 (n = 30) to validate these equations. Apart from half-marathon performance, training-related and an...

The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of acute short-term exposure to air pollution on the cardiorespiratory performance of military firemen living and working in the city of Guarujá, São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-five healthy non-smoking firemen aged 24 to 45 years had about 1 h of exposure to low and high levels of air pollution. The tests consisted of two phases: phase A...

The purpose of this study was to describe the longitudinal (10 yr) decline in aerobic power [maximal O(2) uptake (Vo(2 max))] and anaerobic threshold [ventilatory threshold (T(Ve))] of older adults living independently in the community. Ten years after initial testing, 62 subjects (34 men, mean age 73.5 +/- 6.4 yr; 28 women, 72.1 +/- 5.3 yr) achieved Vo(2 max) criteria during treadmill walking ...

BACKGROUND The absence of the I allele of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with higher levels of circulating ACE, lower nitric oxide (NO) release and hypertension. The purposes of this study were to analyze the post-exercise salivary nitrite (NO2-) and blood pressure (BP) responses to different exercise intensities in elderly women divided according to their ACE ...

We have already reported that the one-leg cycling test driven by the subject's sound leg as the exercise load test is effective in measuring the anaerobic threshold (AT) of unilateral lower limb amputees. The aim of this research is to investigate whether or not endurance training based on each subject's AT gained from the one-leg cycling test is useful in improving the physical fitness of lowe...

This study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and findings from a protocol for exercise-bicycle ergometry in subacute-stroke survivors. Of 117 eligible candidates, 14 could not perform the test and 3 discontinued because of cardiac safety criteria. In the 100 completed tests, peak heart rate was 116 +/- 19.1 beats/min; peak VO(2) was 11.4 +/- 3.7 ml x kg x min(-1), peak METs were 3.3 +/- 0.91, ...

Cross-country ski racing has evolved rapidly in recent years. Of particular interest has been the development and proliferation of the faster freestyle or skating techniques. In spite of changes in technique and equipment, the fact that elite cross-country ski racers have some of the highest aerobic power values reported for endurance athletes has not changed. Successful ski racers have higher ...