The frequency-dependent nonlinear dielectric increment of dipolar fluids in nonpolar fluids is often measured by using a stationary relaxation method in which two electric fields are used: The static direct current (dc) field of high strength causing the dielectric nonlinearity, and the probing alternating current (ac) field of low strength and high frequency. When a nonlinear composite is subj...

We investigated the properties of alternating current (AC)-driven electroluminescence from (Ba0.4Ca0.6)TiO₃:Pr3+ diphase polycrystal-based device. The results of crystal phases and micrographs, and the symmetrical dual emissions in one AC cycle, indicate the spontaneous formation of a dielectric/phosphor/dielectric sandwich microstructure in (Ba0.4Ca0.6)TiO₃:Pr3+. The electroluminescent device ...

"Janus" particles with two hemispheres of different polarizability or charge demonstrate a multitude of interesting effects in external electric fields. We reported earlier how particles with one metallic hemisphere and one dielectric hemisphere self-propel in low-frequency alternating current (AC) electric fields. Here, we demonstrate the assembly of such Janus particles driven by AC electric ...

When a composite containing nonlinear dielectric particles suspended in a host medium is subjected to a sinusoidal alternating current (ac) electric field, the dielectric response of the composite will generally consist of ac fields at frequencies of higher order harmonics. For an electrorheological (ER) solid under structure transformations due to external fields, we apply the Ewald-Kornfeld f...

This study develops analytical relationships and computations of power dissipation in magnetic fluid (ferrofluid) subjected to alternating magnetic field. The dissipation results from the orientational relaxation of particles having thermal fluctuations in a viscous medium. r 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

This article describes particle accelerators using magnets whose field strengths are fixed in time to steer and focus ion beams in a spiral orbit so that they pass between (and can be accelerated by) the same electrodes many times. The first example of such a device, Lawrence’s cyclotron, revolutionized nuclear physics in the 1930s, but was limited in energy by relativistic effects. To overcome...

We describe techniques used to fabricate the cold stage of an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator that uses the paramagnetic salt ferric ammonium alum. We discuss the design of a leak-tight housing for the salt as well as a technique for growing ferric ammonium alum crystals that results in a housing filled with > 98% refrigerant. These techniques have proven to be reliable in creating robus...

SUMMARY Prior work on rotational remanent magnetization (RRM) and anhysteretic (ARMROT) has demonstrated promise for magnetic mineral identification in earth materials. One challenge been to calibrate the measurements types microstructural controls, since previous studies have used differing spin rates, alternating field (AF) intensities decay times, which hinders a comparison of data sets. Usi...