BACKGROUND The interaction between CD40 on antigen-presenting cells and CD40L on T cells is critical in allograft rejection. CD154 blockade suppresses allograft rejection, but the role of this pathway in allograft vasculopathy remains obscure. METHODS AND RESULTS A vascularized murine heterotopic cardiac transplant model was used to test whether perioperative CD154 blockade suppresses allogra...

Acute allograft rejection is a major complication postlung transplantation and is the main risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Acute rejection is characterized by intragraft infiltration of activated mononuclear cells. The ELR-negative CXC chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) are potent chemoattractants for mononuclear cells and act through their shared recept...

BACKGROUND The relevance of viral infections in the development of allograft lesions is still unclear, although some viruses have been implicated. The present study investigated systemic and intrarenal viral infections in kidney transplant recipients and their association with the risk of acute rejection and chronic allograft injuries that are predictive of long-term dysfunction. METHODS The ...

Allograft bone is widely used in orthopaedic surgery, but peri-operative infection of the graft remains a common and disastrous complication. The efficacy of systemic prophylactic antibiotics is unproven, and since the graft is avascular it is likely that levels of antibiotic in the graft are low. Using an electrical potential to accelerate diffusion of antibiotics into allograft bone, high lev...

BACKGROUND/AIMS This study investigated the clinical significance of detecting anti-human leukocyte antigen-donor specific antibody (HLA-DSA) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) requiring indication biopsy owing to allograft dysfunction. METHODS We analyzed the presence of HLA-DSA in 210 KTRs who took indication biopsy. We divided these cases into two groups, HLA-DSA (+) (n = 52) and HLA-D...

Purpose: Present and discuss seven cases of allograft nephrectomies performed at our institution for malignancy as the primary indication. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively all patients undergoing allograft nephrectomy at our institution from January 2002 to May 2015. Results: Over a 13 year period, we performed 74 allograft nephrectomies, of which 7 (9.5%) were indicated for malignancy. All...

Vascular torsion is a rare renal transplant complication which requires prompt diagnosis and surgery to salvage allograft function. We report here a case of renal allograft torsion with interesting imaging findings on unenhanced CT and color Doppler ultrasound. A 60-year-old woman with a history of pancreas and kidney transplant presented to the emergency room with nausea, vomiting, abdominal p...

There is a growing number of patients returning to dialysis after a failed kidney transplant, and there is increasing evidence of higher mortality among this population. Whether removal of the failed renal allograft affects survival while receiving long-term dialysis is not well understood. We identified all adults who received a kidney transplant and returned to long-term dialysis after renal ...

Renal transplantation has become the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) resulting from a variety of causes. The short-term patient and graft outcomes have improved markedly over the recent years (Hariharan et al., 2000). Renal transplant recipients are subject to all those diseases which affect the general population. In addition, like all other allograft recip...