Since the onset of the 2008 financial crisis, many economists have studied the effects of unconventional monetary policies such as credit-easing policies or actions aimed at altering the maturity structure of the private sector’s asset holdings. But surprisingly, there has been relatively little work on one of the traditional policy tools of a central bank—required reserve ratios—and how requir...

In this paper, we consider the coordination issue on a supply chain when the firm on this chain tries to produce new products. By considering the risk of new products, three contracts, constant wholesale price contract, revenue sharing contract and linear quantity discount policy, are investigated.

This article extends the debate initiated by Haslag, Nieswiadomy, and Slottje (1991, 1994) and Gamber and Sorensen (1994) in this journal about whether the net discount ratio can be described as a stationary process. Haslag, Nieswiadomy, and Slottje found discount ratios to be stationary. Gamber and Sorensen concluded that they are nonstationary; however, they identified the source of the nonst...

This study was performed to determine the feasibility of integrating a full offset solar power unit at Cal Poly’s dairy operation. The dairy is relatively small, with four hundred cows and only two hundred mature milking cows. The dairy’s average annual electricity use is approximately 330,000-kilowatt hours. Based on the size and annual electricity demand, REC Solar, a local solar power compan...

In this paper, we consider a class of single-item dynamic lot-sizing problem with quantity discount cost structure. We present an optimal polynomial algorithm for the case of multibreakpoint Ni, i = 1,2, . . . ,m. The complexity of our algorithm is O(n3 + mn2), where n is the number of periods in finite planning horizon.

The forensic economics literature hosts a continuing debate about the appropriateness of using historical verses current rates to predict future net discount rates. If the net discount rate series is stationary, which means that shocks are transitory and the series reverts to a long-term mean value, estimates based on historical values are reasonable. Alternatively, if the series exhibits a uni...

Vendor selection decisions are complicated by the fact that various conflicting multi-objective factors must be considered in the decision making process. The problem of vendor selection becomes still more compli-cated with the inclusion of incremental discount pricing schedule. Such hard combinatorial problems when solved using meta heuristics produce near optimal solutions. This paper propose...

In this research, two risk hedging strategies, the option contract and the advance purchase discount contract, are investigated within a manufacturer–retailer two-echelon supply chain context. This study offers three contributions. First, the optimal decisions under the two contracts from the perspectives of both the manufacturer and the retailer are determined. Second, circumstances under whic...